You begin a shift in the long-term care facility by assessing a resident that has been...

You begin a shift in the long-term care facility by assessing a resident that has been there about 24 hours. The doctor states he wants their titers for IgG levels checked. This patient is 93 years old with pulmonary fibrosis and cardiomyopathy. Your facility has two bedrooms so the resident will be in a room with another resident. Question: Apply the concept of adaptive immunity to this person and its ability to protect them.

Expert Solution

The adaptive immune system, also referred as the acquired immune system, is a subsystem of the immune system that is composed of specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminates pathogens by preventing their growth.

Acquired immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, and leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the acquired system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.

Unlike the innate immune system, the acquired immune system is highly specific to a particular pathogen. Acquired immunity can also provide long-lasting protection; for example, someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime. In other cases it does not provide lifetime protection; for example, chickenpox.
The acquired system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the acquired system is unable to distinguish harmful from harmless foreign molecules; the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergy.

So as this person is 93 years old he has adaptive immunity against many of the disease. But also as the age progressed immune system of tye the person is compromised. So in the hospital stay this patient's adaptive immunity protect him from various disease that he may caught from the hospital stay.

Nightingale answered 2 years ago

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