Question

1)A cylindrical water-tank has a small hole 60cm above the floor on which the tank stands. The depth of water in the tank is 1.8m.Assume the diameter of the tank to be greater than that of the hole. 1a) Find the horizontal distance from the side of the tank to the point on the floor where the stream of water lands. 1b) At what other height from the base of the tank would a second hole be drilled for water from this hole to strike the base at the same point as the first hole?

2) Water flows along the horizontal pipe cross section area 48cm²   which has a constriction of cross section area 12cm² at one place. If the speed of water at the constriction is 4m/s, calculate the speed in the wider section and hence the pressure at the constriction if the pressure in the wider section is 1.0 x 10⁵ pa. Density of water is 1000kg/m³

3)What volume of water will escape per minute from a tank through an opening 2cm in diameter and 5m below the level of water?

4)A venturi meter is equipped with a deferential mercury meter. The inlet diameter is 30cm and the throat diameter is 15cm. Find the ideal flow of water through the meter if the difference in height between the mercury columns is 23cm. Relative density of mercury is 13.6

5) Mercury at 20 degrees Celsius is flowing in a pipe of 50mm diameter at a certain point A with velocity 1.83m/s² the pipe travels to point B, 3.78m above A, where the diameter has been reduced to 35mm. The pipe continues to a point C, 1.27m above B at which the diameter has changed to 75mm. The gauge pressure at A is 596 kpa. The relative density of mercury is 13.6 the atmospheric pressure is 101.325kpa and the gravitational acceleration is 9.81m/s² . What would be the readings of the pressure gauges at points B and C?

6) A tank of large area is filled with water to a depth of 0.3m . A hole of 5cm² cross section in the bottom allows water to drain out in a continuous stream. 6a)What is the rate at which water flows out the tank in m³/s? 6b) At what distance below the bottom of the tank is the cross-sectional area of the stream equal to one half of the area of the hole?

7)Water enclosed in a tank is subjected to a gauge pressure of 6x10⁵ pa, applied by compressed air introduced into the top of the tank. A small hole of 5cm² cross sectional area is in the side of the tank 5m below the level of the water. Estimate the rate at which water escapes from this hole in m³/hr.

Answer 1