Question

In production of 1,3-Butadiene .The feed that will be used is n-butane,i-butane,propane and other hydrocarbon which is C5+, right now I want to know what is the chemical and physical properties of C5+ hydrocarbon,because I am doing for Material and Energy Balance please help.ASAP

Answer 1

Physical Properties-

The C5+ Hydrocarbons are in liquid and solid state e.g. benzene, toluene.

Alkanes of C5 to C17 are liquids and those containing more than 17 carbons are mostly solid at room temperature i.e. at 298K.

In Alkenes The first 3 members are gases, the next 14 are liquids and the higher ones are solids.

In Alkynes First 3 members are gases, the next 8 are liquid and the higher ones are solids.

C5+ Hydrocarbons can be saturated, Unsaturated and Aromatic.

In Hydrocarbons, there is a steady increase in boiling point with the increase in molecular mass due to the fact that the Vander Waals forces increases as the molecular size increases.

Boiling Point also increases as the molecular mass increases.

Aromatic hydrocarbons are immiscible with water

Chemical Properties-

Alkanes are inert towards acids, bases, oxidising and reducing agents. They Undergo Substitution (Halogenation), Combustion, Isomerization reactions.

Alkenes undergo free radical substitution reactions. Oxidation and ozonolysis reactions also take place in case of alkenes. They Undergo Addition of Halogens, Dihydrogen, Hydrogen Halides.

Alkynes tend to show acidic nature, addition reactions and polymerization reactions.

Aromatics undergo electrophilic substitution reactions.