Distillation is a technique that is to purify liquid compounds. Explain how distillation is used to...

Distillation is a technique that is to purify liquid compounds. Explain how distillation is used to separate the target product from any residual unreacted starting material. [2.0 Marks]

Upon completion of the reaction (before filtration), an additional 4.0 mL of 1.0 M NaOH/EtOH was added to the reaction. What was the purpose of this step? Include a chemical reaction as part of your answer. [1 Mark]

The term “side reactions” refers to any chemical reaction that can occur that form products other than the desired product. Side reactions can consume the reactants of your intended reaction, and can affect the percent yield of your target product. Draw the full reaction mechanism for a possible side reaction that can occur under these reaction conditions. Include all charges and intermediates. Vaguely directed arrows will not receive marks. [2.0 Marks]

Expert Solution

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

The following diagram shows a distillation process. Distillation is a technique used in chemistry to purify water from dissolved impurities, mainly salts.

The following diagram shows a distillation process. Distillation is a technique used in chemistry to purify water from dissolved impurities, mainly salts. An example is the conversion of sea water to fresh water as is done in many countries including Oman. Temperature plays an important role in distillation process and the various steps involved are as follows. Step1: Heating impure water to produce steam in the distillation flask. Step2: Steam passes through to the Liebig condenser where it is condensed. Step3: Condensed water...

what are the similarities and differences between distillation, azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation and liquid-liquid extraction.

technique summary for distillation lab

What technique can be used to monitor the compounds that are collected from the column?

Explain how the nonprobability technique of quota sampling can be used to mimic the probability technique...

Explain how the nonprobability technique of quota sampling can be used to mimic the probability technique of stratified random sampling. Give an example.

Q4: Distillation columns are the most commonly used technique for separation purpose in industries. The operating...

Q4: Distillation columns are the most commonly used technique for separation purpose in industries. The operating conditions such as temperature, pressure and flowrates are the main factors to ensure that proper separation is taking place inside the column. From your study of distillation column: A. Explain the effects of sudden change, increasing and decreasing of these factors in separation processes. B. Explain the relationship between partial pressure and vapor pressure.

4. A pharmaceutical company plans to use a liquid-liquid extraction to purify a drug that is...

4. A pharmaceutical company plans to use a liquid-liquid extraction to purify a drug that is a weak monoprotic base. The chemical has a pKb = 9.52 at 25oC. The KD for the neutral form of this chemical is 210 when using water and chloroform at 25oC. a. What fraction of this drug will be extracted from a 15.0 mL aqueous sample into 10.0 mL of chloroform at pH = 9.00 and 25oC? b. What fraction of this drug will...

a. Discuss which technique, simple distillation or fractional distillation, shall be the most efficient on purifying...

a. Discuss which technique, simple distillation or fractional distillation, shall be the most efficient on purifying the mixture of solvents? Elaborate (4 points) b. Which solvent should be distillated first, cyclohexane or Toluene? Elaborate.(3 point) c. How the RI measurements support (or not?) your expectations in the item b? (2.5 points) d. Making use of the RI measurements, explain if your distillation was successful. (3 points) RI values: Fraction Observed Refractive Index (n20D) Corrected Refractive Index (n20D) Fraction 1...

Describe how you could separate and purify compound A from a mixture of two neutral compounds...

Describe how you could separate and purify compound A from a mixture of two neutral compounds (A and B) when A comprises 95% of the total and B the other 5% of the total. Assume that A and B have similar polarities.

How does azeotrope behavior influence the ability of distillation to separate a liquid mixture?

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