The drug hydrochlorothiazide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule. A.How will this drug affect urine...

The drug hydrochlorothiazide inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule.

A.How will this drug affect urine volume? Justify your response.

B.How will this drug affect blood osmolarity? Justify your response.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Ans-A) The drug hydrochlorothiazide inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and thus increases the urine volume. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic which reduces the amount of water in the body by increasing the urine output. When the reabsorption of sodium is inhibited, then along with the excretion of sodium , a large amount of water is also excreted. Because sodium is known to cause water retention in the body. Thus, this drug increases the urine volume.

Ans-B) The drug hydrochlorothiazide causes hyponatremia. This condition is caused when there is very less amount of sodium in the blood. The lesser amount of sodium in the blood leads to reduced blood osmolarity. As higher blood osmolarity refers to the increased concentration of solutes or other substances in the blood (in this case, it is sodium). Since, the diuretic drug increases sodium excretion, it reduces the osmolarity of the blood by decreasing the amount of sodium in the blood.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

Indicate the functions of the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule,...

Indicate the functions of the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, the distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting ducts and how is the fluid passes through each one.

2a.How did the addition of aldosterone affect urine volume (compared with baseline)? Can the reabsorption of...

2a.How did the addition of aldosterone affect urine volume (compared with baseline)? Can the reabsorption of solutes influence of water reabsorption in the nephron? Briefly explain. ANS: b.How did the addition of ADH affect urine volume (compared with baseline)? Why did the addition of ADH also affect the concentration of potassium in the urine (compared with baseline)? ANS: c.What is the principal determinant for the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex? ANS: d.What is the principal determinant for the...

1. If a drug was taken that blocked sodium reabsorption, what changes (if any) would be...

1. If a drug was taken that blocked sodium reabsorption, what changes (if any) would be seen in the reabsorption of water and chloride, and in the secretion of hydrogen ions? Why? 2. Provide a list of all structures that glomerular filtrate will pass through from the time it leaves the bloodstream in the glomerular capsule to the time it leaves the body. Ensure that your structure list is in order. 3. How does the structure of a nephron encourage...

Produce a diagram explaining the reabsorption of Ca2+ and Mg2+ at the proximal tubule of a...

Produce a diagram explaining the reabsorption of Ca2+ and Mg2+ at the proximal tubule of a nephron. Are these processes examples of paracellular or transcellular transport? What is the driving force that maintains these transport mechanisms?

Compare the proximal with the distal segments of the nephrons in terms of reabsorption and excretion

Hydrochlorothiazide is a mild diuretic that affects distal tubule of the nephron. Specifically, it blocks the...

Hydrochlorothiazide is a mild diuretic that affects distal tubule of the nephron. Specifically, it blocks the reabsorption of NaCl in the distal tubule. Consider this mechanism of action, and answer the following questions: How does this medication affect the amount of NaCl in the tubular fluid? Will this make the tubular fluid more or less concentrated? How will this affect the reabsorption of water in the collecting duct? How will this affect the urine volume/output?

Which function of which of the following is under normal hormonal control? a. Distal tubule b....

Which function of which of the following is under normal hormonal control? a. Distal tubule b. Ascending loop of Henle c. Proximal tubules d. Descending loop of Henle

If blood pressure drops over a long period of time, fluid in the distal convoluted tubule...

If blood pressure drops over a long period of time, fluid in the distal convoluted tubule would become Select one: a. Concentrated b. Dilute

Discuss the different mechanisms of reabsorption in the renal tubule. How are valuable nutrients reabsorbed from...

Discuss the different mechanisms of reabsorption in the renal tubule. How are valuable nutrients reabsorbed from the filtrate? How are ions and water reabsorbed? In which parts of the renal tubule do these events occur? Distinguish between obligatory and facultative reabsorption.

1. Reabsorption occurs when a. Filtered solute is transported from the lumen of the renal tubule...

1. Reabsorption occurs when a. Filtered solute is transported from the lumen of the renal tubule to the blood of the peritubular capillaries b. Solute is transported from the blood of the peritubular capillaries to the lumen of the distal convoluted tubule c. A protein is transported across the glomerular filtration membrane d. Filtered solute is transported from the glomerular capillaries to the capsular space of the renal corpuscle e. Solute that has not been filtered is excreted 2.Why is...

Subjects