Question

Antiepileptic drugs first generation and second generation description and differences between them and drugs that are included in the generations.

Answer 1

Antipsychotic medications are used to treat and manage symptoms for several psychiatric disorders and are commonly categorized into two classes. First-generation antipsychotics (FGAs), also known as “typical antipsychotics,” were developed in the 1950s. Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), also known as “atypical antipsychotics,” emerged in the 1980s. To date, FGAs have been classified according to their chemical structure, which includes serotonin-dopamine antagonists and multi-acting receptor-targeted antipsychotics, whereas SGAs have been categorized according to their pharmacological properties as dopamine partial agonists. There is ongoing research testing these proposed mechanisms of action within each class with respect to the neurobi ology of different psychiatric disorders. first-generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) cause birth defects, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and, possibly, developmental delay, these toxicities were not thought to apply to the second-generation AEDs.

Examples of first generation antiepileptic drugs are: phenytoin ( dilantin) , carbamazepine ( tegretol), valproate, phenobarbital etc.

Second generation antiepileptics are felbamate, gabapentin, lamotrigine, topiramate, tiagabine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, zonisamide, and pregabalin.