Question

1. What are some generic names of meds in this class – first and second generation?
2. What is the side effects of traditional first generation antihistamines?
3. What precautions would the nurse need to consider?
4. What generation of antihistamines are non-sedating with fewer anticholinergic effects?

Answer 1

1) The generic names of medicines in first and second generation are as follows::

1st generation:

Generic name and brand name -Chlorpheniramine(chlor-trimeton) Diphenhydramine(benadryl),tripolidine(tripohist),clemastine(tavist allergy),hydroxyzine(vistaril)

2nd generation:

Generic name and brand name-Cetrizine(Zyrtec allergy)Fexofenadine(allegra)Loratadine(Alavert)

2) The side effects are dry mouth,dry eyes, dizziness,hypotension,constipation, urinary retention,naussea and vomiting,blurred vision, restlessness, confusions etc.

3) The nurse should consider certain precautions while taking care of patient on antihistamines. They are as follows:

* Encourage more fluid intake to reduce the complication of drying of nasal mucosa and thickened secretions.

* Advise patient to avoid alcohol when taking antihistamines.

* Monitor skin for dryness and lesions.

* The medicine should be administered on empty stomach.

4) The second generation antihistamines has the capability to eliminate sedation and anticholinergic effects.