Question

QUESTION 1

Two groups of people are given a drug that they are told will make them drowsy. However, only one group actually receives this drug, while the other group secretly receives a sugar pill. Strangely, both groups report feeling very tired 30 minutes later. The group receiving the sugar pill is said to be experiencing the

A.control effect.

B.experimental effect.

C.independent effect.

D.placebo effect.

E.dependent effect.

QUESTION 2

Why do some media reports about scientific discoveries end up being exaggerations?

A.Findings can be misunderstood and misinterpreted.

B.Some studies are not done using the proper controls or scientific method, so they are unreliable; however, journalists often do not realize the distinction.

C.Media reports can come from sources that are not peer reviewed.

D.Media agencies may sensationalize news to draw more attention.

E.All of the above.

QUESTION 3

What is the first step in the scientific process?

A.formulating a hypothesis

B.analyzing your data

C.designing an experiment

D.peer review of your study

E.choosing test subjects

QUESTION 4

A positive correlation in a scientific study means

A.one variable is linked to another variable.

B.both variables decrease proportionately.

C.one variable increases while the other decreases.

D.both variables increase proportionately.

E.there is a link between the variables studied.

QUESTION 5

A placebo is given to the:

A.variable group.

B.control group.

C.experimental group.

D.independent group.

E.dependent group.

QUESTION 6

Which of the following places the steps of the scientific process in the correct order?

A.questions→read literature→hypothesis→experiment→conclusions

B.read literature→questions→experiment→hypothesis→conclusions

C.read literature→experiment→questions→conclusion→hypothesis

D.questions→experiment→read literature→hypothesis→conclusions

E.experiment→questions→hypothesis→read literature→conclusions

QUESTION 7

A scientific theory is

A.a hypothesis that has been rigorously tested and only been disproven a few times.

B.an opinion.

C.a hypothesis that has been tested at least five times.

D.a hypothesis that has been rigorously tested and never been disproven.

E.an idea based on a person's experience or knowledge.

QUESTION 8

In designing a scientific research project, the ideal control group should

A.be identical to the experimental group but receive the placebo.

B.be identical to the independent variable.

C.be identical to the placebo group.

D.receive the placebo or receive no experimental manipulation.

E.be identical to the experimental group.

QUESTION 9

All of the following are true of side effects EXCEPT

A.side effects are unintended results.

B.side effects may make data interpretation difficult.

C.side effects may vary from person to person.

D.side effects are usually considered problematic.

E.side effects always invalidate the results of the study.

QUESTION 10

A positive correlation on a memory test and drinking coffee would show

A.decreasing coffee consumption correlates with increasing memory test score.

B.no change on memory test score with or without coffee.

C.increasing coffee consumption correlates with increasing memory test score.

D.increasing coffee consumption correlates with decreasing memory test score.

E.decreasing coffee consumption has no relationship to memory test score.

1 points

Answer 1

Question 1.
Placebo is anything that seems to be a "real" medical treatment -- but isn't. It could be a pill, a shot, or some other type of "fake" treatment.
So, in this given context, the group receiving the sugar pill is said to be experiencing the placebo effect.
Hence, option, "D" is the correct answer.

Question 2.
Media reports can come from journal articles that are not peer reviewed. Findings can be misinterpreted. Some studies are not done using the proper controls or scientific method, so they are unreliable.Media reports can come from sources that are not peer reviewed. Media agencies may sensationalize news to draw more attention.
Hence, option, "E" all of the above is correct answer.

Question 3.
The first step in the Scientific Method is to make objective observations. Peer observation is a form of peer review.
Hence, option, "D" is the correct answer.

Question 4.
A positive correlation between two variables is when an increase in one variable leads to an increase in the other variable. Thus, one variable is linked to another variable.
Hence, option, "A" is the correct answer.

Question 5.
A placebo is given to control group.
Hence, option, "B" is the correct answer.

Question 6.
Questioning should be done before reading, then after reading, hypothesis has to be made to do experiment and bring out conclusions.
Hence, option, "A" is the correct answer.

Question 7.
A scientific theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
Hence, option, "D" is the correct answer.