Question

Need this answered in long paragraph, with intext citations and references:

Discuss one of the four basic rules for understanding results in a research study.

Compare clinical significance and statistical significance. Which one is more meaningful when considering applying evidence to your practice?

Compare descriptive statistics and inferential statistics in research.

Answer 1

The four simple basic rules are to understand the main purpose of study. Identify the variables. Variables are considered to be dependent and independent . An independent variable is a variable that is placed in study to measure the effect that it causes on the dependent variable.

Statistical significance measures difference between treatment and control group. P value and Confidence Intervals (CI) are the most commonly used measures of statistical significance.

Clinical significance measures how large differences in treatment effects are in clinical practise. In clinical research is not only important to access the significance of difference between evaluated groups but also it is recommended.

Statistical significance does not provide information about effect size or clinical relevence.so researchers often misinterpret statistically significance as clinical one.

Descriptive statistics is branch of statistics which is concerned with describing the population under study. It organize, analyse and present data in meaningful way. It is used to describe situation. It explains the data, which is already known to summerize sample.

Inferential statistics is type of statistics , that focuses on drawing conclusions about the population on the basis of sample analysis and observation. It compare test and predict data.It is used to explain chances of occurance of an event. It attempts to reach the conclusion to learn about the population that extends beyond the data available.