Question

Part A - Alterations in the Endocrine System

A 20-year old male has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. He is overweight and spends most of his time playing computer games or watching television. As a health professional, what advice will you give him to help him work toward improved health? What is the pathophysiological (cellular) process you will explain to him?

Part B - Alterations in the Reproductive System

Describe the pathophysiological process related to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Explain the similarities and/or differences of BPH and prostate cancer.

Answer 1

Weight loss is common recommendation for type 2 diabetic patient. Because extra fat actually increases their insulin resistance and by losing weight, people with type 2 diabetes can become less insulin resistant, and they are able to use insulin better. So patient should start weightloss plan as soon as possible. By Playing computer games, and watching TV may be lead to weight gain. So it is dangorous for him.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY-

In type 2 diabetes, the body either produces inadequate amount of insulin to meet the demand of the body or insulin resistance has developed. When cells of body such as muscle, liver, fat cells fails to respond to insulin,even when levels are high. In fat cells, triglycerides are instead broken down to produce free fatty acids for energy, muscle cells are deprived of an energy source and liver cells fails to build up glycogen stores. This is leads to an over all rise in levels of glucose in the blood.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS RELATED TO BPH-

BPH  is disease that affects men . The prostate is gland the size and shape of walnut , located near the bladder and rectum, surrounding the urethra, which plays an important role in men's reproductive system.

Due to disease, prostate gland becomes swollen and may compress or block the urethra, causing urinary problems.