Question

1. All of the following is a false statement regarding gram positive cells

Select one or more

1. stain purple pr violent
2. stain pink or red
3. none of the above are correct answers
4. can result in endotoxin release and shock reactions
5. contain channel proteins for transport of nutrients
6. thick cell wall compose of peptidoglycan
7. all of the above are correct
8. think layer of lipopolysaccharides

2. All of the following pertain to chlamydias

Select one or more

1. obligate parasite
2. lack of cell membrane
3. lack of cell wall
4. gram negative bacteria
5. common cause of sexually transmitted disease.
6. all of the answers are correct
7. all of the answers are incorrect

3. Which of the following is not found in archaea cells?
   1. all of the choices are found in bacterial cells.
   2. mitochondria
   3. DNA
   4. cell membrane
   5. ribosomes

4. Which of the following statements is true for all bacteria?
   1. contain mitochondiral DNA
   2. contain mitochondria
   3. contain cell membrane
   4. contain lysosomes
   5. contain nucleus

5. prokaryotic Flagella

select one or more

5. 1. compose of a bilayer of phospolipids
   2. are long whip like structure
   3. are used for cell motility
   4. facilitate chemotaxis
   5. all of the choices are incorrect
   6. facilitate phototaxis
6. Which virion is most virulent?
   1. LD50 =22
7. Which bacteria group can produce oxygen gas?
   1. Gram negative
   2. Gram positive
   3. Methanogens
   4. Cynaobacteria
   5. Spirochetes
   6. Bacteriodetes
   7. Actinobacteria
   8. Archaea
8. Which of the following parts was missing from Leeuwenhoeks microscope
   1. Condenser
9. Antibiotics target what?
   1. Only primary pathogens
   2. Cellular nucleus
   3. Only opportunistic pathogens
   4. Enzymes
   5. Synthesis of peptidoglycan in the cell wall
10. Protistis include, fungi, yeast, molds, algae, bacyteria and heminths.
    1. True
    2. False
11. A prokaryotic cell contains a glycocalyx also may contain
    1. Mitochondria
    2. Capsule
    3. Cellular membrane composed od sterols
    4. 70 s ribosomes
    5. Nucleus
    6. Pilus
    7. Neither
12. Bacterial endospores
    1. Formed in bacteria through structure of cellular structures like ribosomes, mitochondria, and the nucleus
    2. May result in easily treated infections in the host organisms
    3. Essential for protein synthesis with construction of the mitochondria and energy for the cell.
    4. Can resist hear, radiation, and boiling
    5. Mainly function as reproduction mechanisms and assist in binary fission of all eukaryotic cells.

Answer 1

1) The false statements regarding gram positive cells

b) stains pink or red. Actually they stains purple or violet because of the presence of a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell walls, which retains the crystal violet these cells are stained with.

d) can result in endotoxin release and shock reactions. Since gram positive bacteria are made of peptidoglycan, they do not produce endotoxins.

h) thick layer of lipopolysacharides. It is found only in gram negative bacteria

2)All statements are true except b) lack cell membrane. Chlamydia trachimatis is an obligate intracellular gram negative bacteria with a cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane similar to Gram-negative bacteria (thus, it being classified as Gram-negative). It lacks peptidoglycan cell wall and causes the sexually transmitted disease chlamydiasis.

3) Except the membrane bound organelle b) mitochondria others are present in archaea cells

4) c) contains cell membrane is only true for all bacteria. Since bacteria is prokaryote and lack membrane bound organelles, they don't have nucleus, mitochondria, mitochondrial DNA, or lysosomes.

5) Prokaryotic flagella is composed of protein flagellin not phospholipid bilayer. Hence statement(a) is false. And others are true. It has a whip like structure that helps in cell motility both chemotaxis and phototaxis.

6) incomplete question

7) d) cyanobacteria also known as blue green algae is photosynthetic and produce oxygen gas while other bacteria do not.

8) condenser in microscope is used to focus light on to the specimen. This was absent in Leeuwenhoek's microscope.

9) e) synthesis of peptidoglycan cell wall. Antibiotics commonly target bacterial cell wall formation (of which peptidoglycan is an important component) because animal cells do not have cell walls.There are two main ways in which antibiotics target bacteria. They either prevent the reproduction of bacteria, or they kill the bacteria, for example by stopping the mechanism responsible for building their cell walls.

10) b) false

protist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant, or fungus. Protists include algae and mold and belong to kingdom protista. Fugus and yeast belong to kingdom fungi. Bacteria is moneran while helminth is invertebrate worm.

11) a) mitochondria, c) cell membrane with sterols e) nucleus are absent in prokaryotes. It contains 70S ribosomes and pilus.

The glycocalyx is a polysaccharide outside the cell. b) capsule is a form of glycocalyx which is a condensed well defined later closely surrounding the cell.

The prokaryotic cell with glycocalyx may contain b) capsule

12) bacterial Endospores

d) resist heat, radiation and boiling. The cortex is what makes the endospore so resistant to temperature. The cortex contains an inner membrane known as the core. The inner membrane that surrounds this core leads to the endospore's resistance against UV light and harsh chemicals that would normally destroy microbes.