1) Explain how amino acids can be metabolized for energy, including deamination 2) Define what a...

1) Explain how amino acids can be metabolized for energy, including deamination

2) Define what a ketone is and how it can be utilized in metabolism

Expert Solution

1.Amino acids can be metabolised by the following processes:-

Deamination: The amino acid is broken down by the removal of the amine group. Ammonia is produced by this process that is converted to urea by the liver. Then urea is excreted in the urine. Amino acid is converted to a compound called a ketoacid which can enter the Krebs cycle.
Oxidation of amino acids: It is the breakdown of ketoacids and generation of ATP. The amount of ATP produced from protein metabolism is slightly less than glucose metabolism for equivalent weights.

2. Ketone is the organic compounds that contain carbonyl group. Its metabolism includes two processes that is ketogenesis(formation of ketone) and ketolysis(break down of ketone). Ketone is produced in large amount when body is in fasting state or in case of diabetic patients. When we start fasting liver starts fatty acid oxidation and ketone body production instead of carbohydrate utilisation and fatty acid synthesis. During fasting state, the fat derived energy(ketone) produced in liver enter the blood stream and is utilised by all the organs for energy source. Brain has no other substantial non glucose source except ketone so it is more important for brain energy during fasting state.

Sydney Mullin answered 2 years ago

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