Question

Use RStudio. To test if a middle school class on geography is working, a pre- and post-test were given to students at the start and end of the semester. Assume that the scores were randomly selected from the two tests. Also, assume that that they are pairs of scores for ten students. Use the following data to test if the class improved students’ knowledge of geography. (hint: use “var.equal=TRUE” in your argument)

Scores

Pre-test:     77, 56, 64, 60, 57, 53, 72, 62, 65, 66

Post-test: 88, 74, 83, 68, 58, 50, 76, 64, 74, 60

Answer 1

ANSWER::

Here we will use independent t-test to test if a middle school class on geography is working, a pre- and post-test were given to students at the start and end of the semester.

Use following R-codes to run pair t-test

> pre_test=c(77, 56, 64, 60, 57, 53, 72, 62, 65, 66)
> post_test=c(88, 74, 83, 68, 58, 50, 76, 64, 74, 60)
> test=t.test(pre_test,post_test, var.equal = TRUE)
> test

   Two Sample t-test

data: pre_test and post_test
t = -1.4377, df = 18, p-value = 0.1677
alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
95 percent confidence interval:
-15.506046 2.906046
sample estimates:
mean of x mean of y
63.2 69.5

> test$p.value
[1] 0.167669

If we assume that = 0.05 level of significance then

P-value =0.167669 > = 0.05 level of significance so we accept the null hypothesis and conclude that the class is not improved students’ knowledge of geography

NOTE:: I HOPE THIS ANSWER IS HELPFULL TO YOU......**PLEASE SUPPORT ME WITH YOUR RATING......

**PLEASE GIVE ME "LIKE".....ITS VERY IMPORTANT  FOR,ME......PLEASE SUPPORT ME .......THANK YOU