1) Describe passive transport. 2) Define concentration gradient, electrical gradient, and electrochemical gradient. 3) What factors...

1) Describe passive transport.
2) Define concentration gradient, electrical gradient, and electrochemical gradient. 3) What factors play a role in the rate of diffusion?
4) Explain the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.
5) Which type of molecules move via facilitated diffusion?
6) Why is active transport necessary?
7) What role does the Na-K pump play in active transport?
8) How is primary active transport different from secondary active transport?
9) What is the mechanism for glucose transport across the intestinal epithelium?
10) Define the relationship between osmotic pressure and osmosis.
11) What type of transport occurs through aquaporins? Where are aquaporins found? 12) How does active transport help to maintain concentration gradients?

Expert Solution

Sydney Mullin answered 2 years ago

Define electrochemical gradient Describe the electric, chemical, and electrochemical forces that determine Na+ Ion movement Describe...

Define electrochemical gradient Describe the electric, chemical, and electrochemical forces that determine Na+ Ion movement Describe the electric, chemical, and electrochemical forces that determine K+ Ion movement Which ion will move faster across the membrane based on its electrochemical gradient? How can the cell change how permeable it is to an ion? (Critical thinking opportunity) Define the chemical gradient How will ions want to move? Down/with or up/against the gradient? What primary active transport is essential to establishing and maintaining...

4. Define uncoupling proteins (UCPs) and describe what is their effect in the mitochondrial electrochemical gradient.

In passive processes, substances move _ their concentration gradient from a concentration to a ____,...

In passive processes, substances move _________ their concentration gradient from a ______ concentration to a __________, until they reach equilibrium. Substances move across membranes based on what two chemical properties as discussed in class? If the answer to #2 above prevents a substance from crossing the membrane, what may allow it to cross? What kind of particles cross the membrane in simple diffusion?________________________. What two dissolved gasses diffuse through the cell membrane? _________________________ Facilitated Diffusion relies on ___________ and _________...

5. Describe how the electrochemical gradient generated during the electron- transport chain changes the conformation of...

5. Describe how the electrochemical gradient generated during the electron- transport chain changes the conformation of the ATP Synthase, enabling it to catalyze the covalent attachment of Pi to ADP to form ATP.

3. Describe the dependence of diffusivity on: a. Temperature (2) b. Concentration gradient (2) c. Crystal...

3. Describe the dependence of diffusivity on: a. Temperature (2) b. Concentration gradient (2) c. Crystal structure / atom type (2) d. List four strengthening mechanisms and describe how strengthening is achieved. (8)

Describe the difference between active and passive transport

1. Describe simple and facilitated diffusion in passive transport? a. simple diffusion b. facilitation diffusion 2....

1. Describe simple and facilitated diffusion in passive transport? a. simple diffusion b. facilitation diffusion 2. Describe osmosis?

Describe the direction across a membrane the electrochemical gradient of sodium will move potassium, along with...

Describe the direction across a membrane the electrochemical gradient of sodium will move potassium, along with the chemical and electrical gradients of potassium that influence this

Explain the terms passive and active transport and hypo/iso/hyper-osmotic concentrations. How is concentration related to transport...

Explain the terms passive and active transport and hypo/iso/hyper-osmotic concentrations. How is concentration related to transport type? Explain in terms of effects on animal and plant cells.

nvestigation of Factors Affecting the Rate of Diffusion In addition to the concentration gradient (i.e. the...

nvestigation of Factors Affecting the Rate of Diffusion In addition to the concentration gradient (i.e. the difference in the concentration of particles between two environments) there are many other factors known to affect the rate of diffusion including; temperature the size of the diffusing particles the viscosity of the medium through which the particles move The purpose of this exercise is for you to work in groups to design experiments to test two of the factors listed above. You will...

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