Describe the direction across a membrane the electrochemical gradient of sodium will move potassium, along with...

Describe the direction across a membrane the electrochemical gradient of sodium will move potassium, along with the chemical and electrical gradients of potassium that influence this

Solutions

Expert Solution

The electrochemical gradient of the membrane tend to pump K+ into the cell and Na+ out of the cell.

Na+ -K+ ATPase is present in all eukaryotic cells.This is an antiport that pumps K+ into the cell and Na+ out of the cell against their concentration gradients.T
This antiport transport system is primarily responsible for maintaining the high K+ and low Na+ concentration inside the cells.
The Na+ -K+ ATPase is heterodimeric protein made up of alpha and beta subunits.
At the cytoplasmic side the alpha subunit has ATPase activity and binding for 3Na+,ATP and phosphate.
At the extracellular side,alpha subunit has binding sites for 2K+.
The phospate group is bound to an aspartic acid residue of the alpha subunit.
On activation,Na+ -K+ ATPase pumps three Na+ ions out of the cell and two K+ into the cell .Na+ -K+pump catalysed the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP,and uses this energy to pump three Na+ out of the cell and two K+ into the cell for each mole of ATP hydrolysed.
Therefor,Na+ -K+ pump is an electrogenic pump as it forces net positive charge to out of the cell,and it has the coupling ratio of 3/2.

Sydney Mullin answered 8 months ago

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