Question

Are the earnings difference between men and women the result of employment discrimination?

How do the following productivity-related factors differ between men and women, and how might they contribute to the wage gap, if at all:

• continuous employment experience,
• education, and
• physical strength?

Answer 1

Yes, I would say that earning difference between men and women arise due to employment discrimination. I will elaborate the primary factors highlighted by you:

• Continuous employment experience: Most of the families have men as their sole bread earner which force them to earn their whole life or without any break which give them comparative advantage in gaining bonus, promotion. On the other hand, women have to take maternity leave, might have to change their location after marriage and many more.
• Education: We still have a male dominated society where some section of female are not getting enough education due to their family, society, nation.
• Physical strength: Men and women both can do work of physical strength but male do more often.

We can see the time changing, multinational firms are giving preference to female over male and working on gender equality. Some of them are even giving more / comparative wage than men.