Question

Know the differences between dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy and what type of patient it might affect. What are the differences and how would you as a nurse change your plan of treatment, tests, lab, medication, etc.? What changes might you see in their EKG tracing? What is EF or ejection fraction? How is this affected with their disease process? What is BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) what is the significance and the level?

Answer 1

# Dilated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy :- significant dilation of the ventricles without simultaneous hypertrophy- resulting in increased atrial and ventricular chamber size and decreased muscle size.

The condition affects people of all ages including infants and children but is most common men ages 20 to 50.

# restrictive cardiomyopathy :-

diastolic dysfunction caused by rigid ventricular walls that impair diastolic filling and ventricular stretch- leads to left ventricular hypertrophy.

It affects equally in males and females, the average age of onset is 50.

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy :-

heart muscle assymetricly increases in size and mass, especially along the septum- results in the thickened intraventricular septum, decreased ventricular chamber size and left ventricular hypertrophy.

It is common men age under 30.

# Nurse change your plan of treatment, tests, lab, medication, etc :-

Lifestyle changes:

Your doctor will advise how much fluid and what kinds to drink, as sometimes fluid intake should be limited.

Medications: The types of medications typically prescribed include these:

• Vasodilators expand blood vessels, ease blood flow, and reduce blood pressure.
• Diuretics correct fluid retention.
• Beta-blockers improve heart function and chances of living longer.

Tranquillizers reduce anxiety.

Surgical procedures: In more severe cases, surgery is required to open or bypass blocked arteries or to replace heart valves.

EKG: The isoelectric period (ST-segment) nonspecific and T waves changes, LBBB.

# EF or ejection fraction:-

Ejection fraction (EF) is a measurement, expressed as a percentage, of how much blood the left ventricle pumps out with each condition.

EF reduces (<40%) in cardiomyopathy because the heart can't pump the blood effectively.

# Brain-Type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) :-

The B‐type natriuretic peptide, which is also called a brain‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP), representing a cardiac hormone.

BNP release by ventricle responds in stretching heart muscle cell. A normal healthy rate of BNP is less than 100 picogram of BNP (pg/ml) of blood.