Question

Identify drug class, purpose, typical dose, route, and adverse effects for the following medications: acetaminophen with codeine, morphine sulfate, and acetaminophen

Answer 1

ACETAMINOPHEN

DRUG CLASS -analgesics and antipyretics

USES

this drug is used to treat mild to moderate pain [from headaches,menstrual periods,toothache,backache,osteoarthritis ,cold /flu ache and some other type of pains] and to reduce fever

DOSE

weight 50 kg or greater 1000mg iv therapy every 6 hours or 650 mg iv therapy every 4 hours

maximum single dose 1000mg

maximum dosing interval every 4 hours

maximum dose -4000mg per 24 hours

weight less than 50

15 mg mg/kg iv every 6 hours or 12.5 mg/kg iv every 4 hours

maximum single dose 15 mg /kg

ORAL-- lmmediate -release -325 mg to 1 gm orally every 4 to 6 hours

extended release 1300mg orally every 8 hours

RECTAL

650 mg rectally every 4 to 6 hours

SIDE EFFECTS

bloody or black ,tarry stools

bloody or cloudy urine

pain in lower back or side

pinpoint red spot on the skin

yellow eyes or skin

sudden decrease in the amount of urine

CODEINE

DRUG CLASS-OPIATE[NARCOTIC]

purpose to reduce pain[analgesia],sedative ,hypnotic,and antinociceptive

dose

it is available as 15 mg,30 mg and 60 mg

for pain 15 to 60 mg per oral and not exceed 360 mg /day in naive patients

ADVERSE EFFECT

drowsiness ,lightheadedness,dizziness,sedation,shortness of breath, nausea,vomitting,constipation

MORPHINE

DRUG CLASS-opioids,[narcotic]

PURPOSE

Help relieve moderate to severe pain

dose -it is available in 15mg,30mg,60mg,100mg,200mg

acute pain 15 mg -30mg per oral every 4 hours PRN

oral solution-opioids -naive patients 10mg -20 mg per oral every 4 hours PRN

SUPPOSITORY

10 TO 20 mg pr every 4 hours

SC/IM -5 to 10 mg q4hr PRN

ADVERSE EFFECT

interruoted breathing

mood changes agitation

hallucination

vision changes

confusion