Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Observe the paths of all the tendons along the sole of the foot. Which foot arch...

Observe the paths of all the tendons along the sole of the foot. Which foot arch do they help to support? 209 (12)

Solutions

Expert Solution

Muscle: It is a soft tissue containing protein filaments like actin and myosin and functions to produce force and motion

Tendon: They are tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually coonects Muscle to bone

SOLE OF FOOT is Bottom of foot and it is referred as "Plantar Aspect " and it has the thickest layers of skin on the body due yo the weight placed on it.

Sole of foot has 2 types of muscles 1.Intrinsic Muscles 2.Extrinsic Muscles

INTRINSIC MUSCLES
FIRST LAYER
MUSCLE ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION ARCH SUPPORT
ABDUCTOR HALLUCIS Medial tubercle of Calcaneum Medial side,base of proximal phalanx of big toe Flexes,abducts toe Medial longitudinal Arch
FLEXOR DIGITORUM BREVIS Medial tubercle of Calcaneum Middle phalanx of four lateral toes flexes lateral four toes Medial and Longitudinal lateral Arch
ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI Medial and lateral Tubercles of Calcaneum Lateral side base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe Flexes,abducts 5th toe Lateral Longitudinal Arch
SECOND LAYER
Quadratus Plantae Medial and Lateral Sides of calcaneum Tendon of Flexor digitorum Longus Flex lateral 4 toes -
Lumbricals Tendons of flexor digitorum longus Dorsal expansion of lateral 4 toes extends toes at Interphalangeal joints -
THIRD LAYER
Flexor Hallucis Brevis cuboid,ateral cuneiform,tibialis posterior insertion medial and lateral sides of base of proximal phalanx of big toe flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of big toe Medial longitudinal arch
Abductor Hallucis(oblique Head) bases of 2nd,3rd,4th metatarsal bones lateral side base of proximal phalanx of big toe adducts big toe Transverse Arch
Abductor Hallucis(Transverse Head) Capsules of 3,4,5 metatarsophalangeal joints lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of big toe Adducts big toe -
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis Base of 5th metatarsal lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of small toe flexes small toe
FOURTH LAYER
Dorsal Interossei(4) adjacent sides of metatarsals bases of phalanges and dorsal expansion of corresponding toes abducts toes,flex metatarsophalangeal joints and extends Interphalangeal joints
plantar Interossei(3) 3rd,4th,5th metatarsals bases of phalanges and dorsal expansion of 3rd,4th and 5th toes adduct toes,flexes metatarsophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints

Extrinsic Muscle Tendons of Tibialis Posterior support Medial longitudinal Arch, Flexor Digitorum Longus support Lateral Longitudinal Arch of foot and Flexor Hallucis Longus Medial Longitudinal arch


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