Question

List the tissue types that must be removed and replaced in a total hip replacement

Answer 1

Skin through till the Femoral head is just cut through and the only tissues removed are the

Head of femur- Bone, Specialised Dense connective tissue, is made up of Osteoblasts and osteocytes are involved in the formation and mineralization of bone; osteoclasts are involved in the resorption of bone tissue. Modified (flattened) osteoblasts become the lining cells that form a protective layer on the bone surface. The mineralised matrix of bone tissue has an organic component of mainly collagen called ossein and an inorganic component of bone mineral

Acetabulum formed by three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together, (Bone tissue, Specialised Dense Connective Tissue)

Articular Cartilage, is a Hyaline Cartilage, smooth specialised connective tissue.

Ligamentum Teres, Fibrous Dense regular connective tissue, connects bone to bone(acetabulam to head of femur at the fovea centralis)

TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT
This is an operation where both, the acetabulum and the head of the femur are replaced with artificial components. For the acetabulum, a cup made of high density polyethylene is used, and for the head a specially designed prosthesis made of metal alloy (cobalt-chromium alloy) is used. Both components are fixed in place with or without bone cement.

Indications: An overall indication of total hip replacement is incapacitating arthritis of the hip, severely affecting patient’s functions. It could result from a variety of reasons such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis etc. Before considering a hip for replacement, full non-operative treatment should have been tried. Also should have been taken into consideration, other less invasive joint preserving procedures such as osteotomy, joint debridement and hemiarthroplasty. An arthrodesis may be a more suitable option in some cases.
Choice must be made between cemented and uncemented joint replacement. In general, cemented arthroplasty is used in elderly people with expected life of 10-15 years and uncemented in younger people.