Question

Case Study:

Beatrice has been seen by her physician, and he has diagnosed her with CHF. The doctor calls your pharmacy and asks if the pharmacist would recommend a medication that would decrease preload and afterload and that would not cause angioedema.

What class of medications should be recommended?

What adverse effects can be seen with these medications?

Answer 1

Answer :

a. CHF is Congestive heart failure is a chroni progressive condition that affects the pumbing power of heart muscles.While often refferd to simply as " heart failure ", CHF specially reffers to the stage in which fluid builds up around the heart and it to pump inefficiently. CHF develpos when ventricles can't pump enough blood volume to the body. . Eventually blood and other fluids can back up inside lungs, abdomen, liver, lower body.

Angioedema is a well-known side effect of treatment with an ACE( Angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors which is used to treat CHF, but it repressents one of the more common causes of drug related angioedema. ACE relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure.This improves blood flow, so the heart is able to pump more blood to the rest of body without working harder.

The drug decreases preload and afterload is Milrinone, which increase cardiac output also.Milrinone is a positive inotropic agent and vasodialator. Milrinone is the phospho diesterase inhibitor drug class, which is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate and guanosine monophosphate terminating their effects in various tissues.

b. Beta blockers also known as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are a class of drugs that works by blocking the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine from binding to receptors. Medications such as :

• acebutulol
• Atenolol
• Betaxolol
• Bisoprolol.. ect

Diuretics such as :