Question

What role does an IP address and a domain name play on a network?

What are the advantages of using private IP addresses as opposed to public ones?

How do IP addresses and the DNS work together to enable network communication?

Answer 1

A)An IP address is a numerical representation assigned to every device connected to a computer network. Inorder to communicate with other systems we need an IP address. IP address uses the Internet Protocol for Communication by which data is sent from one computer to another computer on the internet. IP Address provides an identity to a networked device which is Similar to a home or business address. IP address is a bunch of numbers organized in a hierarchy just like a home address has a country, a city, a street and a house number similarly an IP address has many parts.Traditional IP address is of 32 bits long with four parts seperated by a dot with each 8 bits long. All these numbers in IP address are represented in 0s and 1s i.e digital data in the form of bits.The earlier numbers usally identify the country and regional network of the device,then come the subnets, and then fianlly the address of the specific device. Thus An IP address plays an important role in communication of systems over a network.

DNS stands for Domain Name System. The main function of DNS is to translate domain names into IP Addresses, which computers can understand. In general IP Address is a bunch of numbers which arre difficukt to remember so we gave a name to each and every IP address we use which is called as Domain Name. Domain names are human readable names for quick access and identification though they are human readable machine understands only 0s and 1 s so domain names has to be cinverted to their IP Address inorder to make the machine understand. So we need a system which translate the Domain names to IP address. That system is called as DNS [Domain Name System]. Thus DNS plays a vital role in making the machine understand the domain name as IP address by converting it.

B) Advantages of Private IP Addresses over Public Addresses

PrivateIP Address	PublicIP Address
a.Private IP Address come from a predefined pool and can be re-used by different organizations.	a.Public IP Addresses are globally unique and they cannot be re-used.
b.In general these private IP Addresses are not issued by any ISP. Instead router hands out private IP Addressesd to all the devices that we connect to it.	b. Public IP Address is assigned by the Internet Service Provider.
c. Private IP Addresses are within the organization premises and they used only by the people belonged that organization.	c.Public IP Address is unique to every individual and they cannot be reused or changed, Once assigned it will be like that only.
d. Private IP Addresses helps in faster and flexible connectivity over the network in an organization irrespective of huge traffic .	d.Public IP Address are used outisde of your network.

C. If you want to communicate with a website called www.abcd.com Firstly you enter the domain name and search it , as soon as you enter the domain name your computer uses the DNS to look up the domain names and get the associated IP Address which is used to connect your computer to the destination on the internet. If during the process of finding the associated IP Address to your requested domain is not found then the DNS looks the address in the other DNS connected over the network if the IP address is found then that DNS sends the IP Address to your computer's DNS and this DNS stores that IP for the future purpose and it gives that IP Address to you so now you automatically gets directed to the Website that you wish to see.

The following shows the process of the DNS :