Question

1) Define three types of environmental ethics and give example of each.

2) Write your opinion toward the: (2 marks each x 2 = 4 marks)

a) Increase the number of cars in the roads.   
b) Increase the fishing process.

3) Prepare cost benefit draw for reducing waste from water emitted from industries?

4) Comment on your draw in question 3?

Answer 1

Question -1

With the emergence of several theories, several environmental ethics have emerged. The three types of environmental ethics include:-

(1) Social ecology

It is the study of human beings and their relation to their environment. It can be termed to be as the study of the relation between the developing human beings and the environment in which they live.

For example:- Extensive deforestation of redwood trees by the maxxam corporation is an example of social ecology issue as it is explains what harm is caused to the environment by human activities which in this case is cutting of trees. Deforestation of trees will have worst impacts on both land and environment.

(2) Deep ecology

It promotes that all beings have an intrinsic value. Diversity of life forms contribute to the realization of these values. It also says that humans have no right to reduce this richness and diversity of lifeforms on earth.

For example:- Every single national park or protected wilderness area at work is a part of deep ecology. This simply means the protection of different species of animal is a part of deep ecology. A bann on hunting and poching also comes under this.

(3) Ecofeminism

It is a part of feminism that helps us look at earth as our mother so that we can respect it in a better way. It draws on the concept of gender to analyse the relationships between humans and the natural world.

For example:- One of the examples of ecofeminism are: The chipko andolan moment in India led by indigenous women to protect their forest from rapid deforestation in 1970s.

Question-2

(a) Increased number of cars on the road means that there will be more emission of harmfull gases . The liberation of harmfull gases such as carbon mono-oxide, sulphur di oxide will lead to air pollution. This in turn will cause health issues including asthama and lung problems to the people. Air pollution also leads to acid rain which again destroys monuments etc.

Also increased number of cars on the road means blowing more horns and rush traffic. This will lead to sound pollution causing hearing problems to many people. Also it may also have some mental effects on some people.

Thus this is counted under social ecology as this shows how man is destroying this beautifull nature with his activities.

(b) Overfishing will simply lead to the breakdown of the sea and oceans eco system. When too many fishes are taken out of the ocean it creates an imbalance that can erode the food web and lead to a loss of other important marine lives including sea turtles and corals. It also leads to over growth of algae. It also results to removal of some essential predators.

Question-3

Benefits :-

# It will reduce the harmfull effect of the industrial waste which destroys the putity of waters to a great extent

# It will help in mantaining the water bodies eco system which is must for the aquatic lives.

Cons :-

# The cost of water treatment from industries can be quite high as it involves different methods of purifications

# Some of the chemicals used for the water treatment may harm the aquatic life

# if chlorine is used as the disinfectant than it may change The taste and the odor of water

# If electro chemicals are used then agin the cost of doing so is quite high

Question-4

According to me, waste waterv treatment is must before throwing that water into the rivers because it destroyes the ecological balance of the water bodies. Industries must look upon the most better and affordable waste water treatmennt method which does its work well without harming the water bodies.

According to me UV method can be used. It donot have any residual effect and also it does'nt require the use of any chemical. It is also effective against viruses, spores and cysts. It requires little space and it has a shorter purification time.