Question

Prescription Drug Overdose

provide information about the populations (size and/or situation) that will be impacted. In your description, make sure you do the following:

1.Explain the difference between raw data and information derived from it, and give examples of substantive information pertinent to this list of emerging public health issues.

2. Identify the ethnographic (sociocultural) features and the epidemiological (disease risk) features of the population

3. present probable consequences to the population if intervention is not enacted.

4. Create a statement of hypothesized causes of each problem so that the audience can judge the level and type of intervention the public expects. Make sure you discuss both the following factors:

Ethnographic factors: Explain what individuals, people, governments, business, or other agencies are doing that may contribute to the problem.

Epidemiological factors: Explain changes in environments or agents that may be contributing to the emergence of the problem.

Provide evidence of systemic or programmatic problems. Provide examples of substantive information pertinent to the list of emerging public health issues.

Answer 1

Drug overdose is a public health crisis.The use of prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription only for the experience or the feeling it causes is often called "nonmedical" use and also may be one of the reason behind overdose.Of the total mortality from drug overdose where a drug was specified, almost three-quarters involved one or more prescription drug (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC 2011).prescription drug overdose involved opioid analgesics (e.g., oxycodone, methadone and hydrocodone), and about one third of non-fatal emergency department visits due to prescription drug overdose involved opioid analgesics, benzodiazepines (e.g., alprazolam, clonazepam, diazepam, and lorazepam), and antidepressants (CDC 2011, SAMHSA 2010a)

1.Data which is illegitimate gathered facts .Example:Some theories generally anticipate a concurrent tendency towards both drugmisuse and non-employment.

Information is something which is in a organised and structured manner .Example: A major contributing factor of the ongoing drug overdose epidemic is the overall increase in the availability of controlled substances.(National Institute on Drug Abuse NIDA 2011; Volkow 2008; Volkow and McLellan 2011). Retail outpatient pharmacy sales, which in 2007 accounted for 80% of the total consumption of opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines, also showed marked increases between 1998 and 2007 (Food and Drug Administration FDA 2010).

2. Prescription drug seem to be predominantly abused by adults than young people, and incidence of abuse is more by women than men.The need for pain relief is often a reason for overdosage .Ethnographic studies clearly tell that organizational skill, forward planning and relationship development have increased among drug abusers.Individuals with present or a history of specific medical problems like chronic pain from cancer, can become dependent on certain drugs. Many psychiatric diseases can be complicated by drug overdose. Drugoverdose may be fatal if not predicted and treated at time.Misuse of the drugs has a huge impact on the health of people.Young children can consume it unknowingly .Increases in controlled substance prescribing and retail sales were associated with more use; per capita consumption of opioid analgesics quadrupled from 74 milligrams in 1997 to 369 milligrams in 2007 (Manchikanti and Singh 2008).

3.If interventions are not executed ,it may end up fatal,

• Most drugs cause a change in level of consciousness ,unresponsive or confused state
• Suppression of brain 's activity
• Individual may be irritable, angry, anxious, insomniac ,sometimes accompanied by hallucinations and suicidal thoughts
• Unstable body mechanisms
• Sleepiness, confusion, and coma are common.
• Skin may be cold and clamy
• Chest pain is possible and can be caused by heart or lung damage from drug overdose
• Withdrawal syndromes are variable depending on the agent but can be life threatening.

Also life expectancy and quality of health will start to decline.