Question

Relate the following structures, molecules, events/processes, etc. to transcription and to one another : 1. Introns 2. Exons 3. Eukaryotes 4. Prokaryotes 5. Euchromatin 6. Heterochromatin 7. Pre - mRNA (initial transcript) 8. Mature mRNA 9. Structural gene 10. Nuclear membrane

Answer 1

1) Introns :noncoding regions

2) Exons : coding regions

3) Eukaryotes : Eukaryotes include all living organisms, including humans, whose cells have a well defined membrane-bound nucleus (containing chromosomal DNA) and organelles

4) Prokaryotes : Prokaryotes are 1-celled organisms that do not have a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles inside them.

5) Euchromatin : Euchromatin is prevalent in cells that are active in the transcription of many of their genes

6). Heterochromatin : heterochromatin is most abundant in cells that are less active or not active.

7) Pre - mRNA (initial transcript) : Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is an immature single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Pre-mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template in the cell nucleus by transcription. Pre-mRNA comprises the bulk of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA).

8.) Mature mRNA : Mature messenger RNA, often abbreviated as mature mRNA is a eukaryotic RNA transcript that has been spliced and processed and is ready for translation in the course of protein synthesis.

.9) Structural gene : A structural gene is a gene that codes for any RNA or protein product other than a regulatory factor (i.e. regulatory protein). It may code for a structural protein, an enzyme, or an RNA molecule not involved in regulation

10. Nuclear membrane : A nuclear membrane, also known as the nuclear envelope is the double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells. The nuclear membrane consists of two lipid bilayers—the inner nuclear membrane, and the outer nuclear membrane

Note :

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