In: Economics
In the tables that follow you will find consolidated balance sheets for the commercial banking system and the 12 Federal Reserve Banks. Use columns 1 through 3 to indicate how the balance sheets would read after each of transactions a to c is completed. Do not cumulate your answers; that is, analyze each transaction separately, starting in each case from the numbers provided. All accounts are in billions of dollars.
a. A decline in the discount rate prompts commercial banks to borrow an additional $4 billion from the Federal Reserve Banks. Show the new balance sheet numbers in column 1 of each table.
b. The Federal Reserve Banks sell $6 billion in securities to members of the public, who pay for the bonds with checks. Show the new balance sheet numbers in column 2 of each table.
c. The Federal Reserve Banks buy $5 billion of securities from commercial banks. Show the new balance sheet numbers in column 3 of each table.
Consolidated balance sheet: all commercial banks | 1 | 2 | 3 | |
Assets: | ||||
reserve | $34 | ? | ? | ? |
securities | $58 | ? | ? | ? |
loans | $62 | ? | ? | ? |
Liabilities and net worth: | ||||
checkable deposits | $150 | ? | ? | ? |
loans from the federal reserve banks | $4 | ? | ? | ? |
Consolidated balance sheet: 12 federal reserve bank | ||||
1 | 2 | 3 | ||
Assets: | ||||
securities | $60 | ? | ? | ? |
Loans to commercial banks | $4 | ? | ? | ? |
Liabilities and net worth: | ||||
reserves of commercial banks | $34 | ? | ? | ? |
treasury deposits | $3 | ? | ? | ? |
federal reserve notes | $27 | ? | ? | ? |
d. Now review each of the above three transactions, asking yourself these three questions: (1) What change, if any, took place in the money supply as a direct and immediate result of each transaction? (2) What increase or decrease in the commercial banks’ reserves took place in each transaction? (3) Assuming a reserve ratio of 20 percent, what change in the money-creating potential of the commercial banking system occurred as a result of each transaction?
Transaction a:
1. the money supply ......?.....
2. Reserve .....?.........from $34 billion to ....?......billion.
3. Money- creating potential .....?........by ......?.......billion
Transaction b:
1. the money supply ......?..... by ....?......billion
2. Reserve .....?.........from $34 billion to ....?......billion.
3. Money- creating potential .....?........by ......?.......billion
Transaction c:
1. the money supply ......?.....
2. Reserve .....?.........from $34 billion to ....?......billion.
3. Money- creating potential .....?........by ......?.......billion
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