Question

What are the five types of vision impairment and what are the four types of hearing loss? How are they treated? What are some of the interventions that a nurse can do to help communicate with children impacted by hearing loss?

Answer 1

* Five types of vision impairment .

- Hyperopia - farsightedness , in this size of eyeball is too shorter .

- Myopia - nearsightedness , in this size of eyeball is longer .

- Astigmatism : irregularity in cornea or eye surface , cannot focus on the object regularly.

- Colour blindness : problems with cones cells of the eye

- Amblyopea : one eye vision loss due to muscle imbalance , lazy eye .

- also other vision impairmnets like , coloboma , crossed eye , glaucoma , diabetic retinopathy , cataract .

* Four types of hearing loss

- Conductive : sound is not conducted efficiently through the outer ear canal to the eardrum and tiny bones of middle ear .

- Sensorineural : damage to the cochlea or to the nerve pathway from cochlea to brain.

- Mixed

- Central : problem lies in central nervous system .

* Nurse intervention to help children with hearingloss.

- Dont talk with the child while away from the child .

- reduce background noise as much as possible .

- use facial expression amd gesture to add meaning .

- repeat and rephrase communication.

- speak clearly , dont shout .

- consider hearing assistance technology.

- if not understandable write it down .