6. The rhythmic, muscular movement that pushes the food through the stomach and intestines is called:

a) Vomiting

b) Swallowing

c) Peristalsis

d) Contractions

7. A diet restricted in sugar and/or calories may be ordered for the resident who:

a) Is a diabetic

b) Has difficulty digesting fats

c) Has difficulty chewing or swallowing

d) Has high blood pressure and/or disease of the cardiovascular system

8. Which foods would be restricted on a low cholesterol diet?

a) Bread

b) Potatoes

c) Ice cream

Option 4

d) Skim milk

9. The elderly are susceptible to choking because:

a) They are usually confused

b) They have a decreased cough reflex

c) Their esophagus is smaller than a younger person

d) Their salivary glands produce less saliva, making it more difficult to swallow

10. While eating dinner in the dining room, a resident begins to choke. You notice that they cannot speak and that their skin appears cyanotic around their mouth. The first thing you would do is:

a) Clear his mouth

b) Call for help

c) Ask him to raise his arms

d) Institute the Heimlich maneuver

a description of two agencies that advocate for the elderly in the Georgia community, including their current advocacy actions and/or campaigns. Then, explain new advocacy actions you might suggest to these agencies based on your experiences and observations at your practicum site. With these advocacy actions in mind, suggest at least one new policy that might improve the care of the population at your current practicum site.

A 45-year-old female with type 1 diabetes, developed a non-healing ulcer which led to a transtibial amputation. The patient underwent a primary physiotherapy assessment and then attended prosthetic rehabilitation. She progressed to being independently mobile both indoors and outdoors. The patient was prone to exercise-induced hypoglycemia. However, this improved over time. Medical Diagnosis: poorly controlled Type 1 Diabetes left transtibial amputation secondary to diabetic and a non-healing ulcer. In this case

1. What do you think the factors lead to amputation?
2. What other causes can lead to amputation?
3. What types of disabilities the amputated patient suffers?

Why is surgical integrity important when dealing with patient care? Please make an initial post by midweek, and respond to at least two other student's posts with substantial details that demonstrate an understanding of the concepts, and critical thinking. Remember that your posts must exhibit appropriate writing mechanics including using proper language, cordiality, and proper grammar and punctuation. If you refer to any outside sources or reference materials be sure to provide proper attribution and/or citation.

36. Heartburn is caused by a defect in the heart:

a)true

b)false

37. Which choice identifies signs and symptoms of a stroke?

a) Weakness and paralysis on one-side, difficulty speaking, confusion and inability to follow directions

b) Slurred speech, blurred vision and ambulating without difficulty

c) Paralysis of upper body and slurred speech, no confusion

d) Ambulating and talking with no difficulty but appears very confused

38. Angina is chest pain caused by a decrease in oxygenated blood flow to the heart muscle caused by coronary artery disease, this can be brought on by physical exertion, and or extreme weather conditions:

A)true

b)false

39. Hemiplegia is a likely result of which medical event?

a) Myocardial Infarction

b) Cardiac arrest

c) Angina

d) Cerebrovascular Accident

40. A Sexually Transmitted Infection that does not have a known cure is:

a) Genital herpes

b) Syphilis

c) Gonorrhea

d) Venereal warts

Follow the links below and read the articles regarding nutrition. Upon completion of the articles, write a 2-3 paragraph response that compares your current food and beverage consumption patterns with healthy food and beverage suggestions. If your current choices do not meet the “healthy” standards, discuss some changes that you might need and/or plan to make to become a healthier eater/drinker.

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/27/health/27brody.html

http://michaelpollan.com/articles-archive/six-rules-for-eating-wisely/

How do you differentiate between signs and symptoms?

How do you convert a sign into a symptom and vice versa?

Differentiating between signs and symptoms –

A. Sign: objective evidence of an injury, illness or disease. It can be seen, heard, palpated or measured.

1. Examples: high blood pressure, rapid pulse, swollen joint, open wound, high temperature, deformed muscle, bruise, nodule, abnormal EKG, low blood sugar level

B. Symptom: subjective experience of an injury, illness or disease. It is a feeling or sensation that is unique to each individual and his/her situation.

1. Examples: pain, dizziness, pins and needles, fatigue, pressure, nausea, chills, shivering, itchiness, vertigo, anxiety

SCENARIO 1 You are caring for Miss Cassidy, age 50, in her own home. She was diagnosed with colon cancer four weeks ago. She had colon surgery and a permanent colostomy was created in the descending colon. She is very thin and has no appetite. She complains of lower back pain, has little energy and sleeps most of the day. She has a sister who lives several miles away but visits every second day. Miss Cassidy is very embarrassed about her colostomy. She says it smells and she can never predict when it will move. She has been taught to change the bags but requires constant reinforcement, assistance, and support.

Option 1

41. In caring for Miss Cassidy’s ostomy for hygiene you would:

a) Provide privacy, change when stool present, use gloves and deodorizers

b) Change once a day, gloves are not necessary unless there is a spill

c) Let her change it when she wants to and don’t worry about it, give her gloves

d) Only change it once a week or when it’s overflowing, use gloves and deodorizers

42. When assisting with ostomy care, you should:

a) Wash and dry the stoma and call the nurse to put on a new appliance

b) Clean the skin around the stoma with mild soap and warm water, rinse and pat dry

c) It’s not necessary to wash the stoma, just change the appliance

d) Wipe with a wet, cool cloth and put on a new appliance

43. Miss Cassidy wonders if her diet is affecting the consistency and frequency of her stools. As her PSW you would suggest that:

a) She should speak with the team care coordinator about her diet

b) She should keep track of how much meat she is eating daily

c) She shouldn’t worry about her diet; just concentrate on gaining some weight

d) Direct her to helpful on-line resources about colostomies and diet

2. Discuss activities that the nurse practicing in the community can implement to assist families to decrease health risks.

1. Name and explain each different type of ADHD
2. What class of medication are dextroamphetamine (Adderall) and methylphenidate (Ritalin). What is the action on the central nervous system?
3. What should the nurse teach the client about monitoring these two medications

A 52-year-old man with chronic eczema was admitted to the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, with fever and chills. Before admission, he had been treated for infected eczematous lesions for several weeks with oral ampicillin, cloxacillin, and cefazolin. He had no history of hospitalization in the past 10 years, and none of his family members were healthcare workers.

Examination showed an oral temperature of 40°C, blood pressure 95/55 mm Hg, and no audible murmur. Cellulitis in the left leg complicated his eczematous skin lesions. Chest radiograph showed right-middle-zone pneumonia. Neutrophilia (leukocytes 15.5 × 109/L, neutrophils 86%), thrombocytopenia (platelets 55 × 109/L), prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (43.6 s), and elevated bilirubin level (31 μmol/L) were observed.

Two initial blood cultures grew gram-positive cocci in clusters, identified as S. aureus by positive results for catalase and slide/tube coagulase and a negative result for ornithine decarboxylase. Intravenous cloxacillin (2 g every 6 h) was given on days 2–5.

However, the patient's condition progressively deteriorated from day 2 to day 10 with persistent fever, chills, hypotension, and hemoptysis. A repeated chest radiograph showed small lung cavities with fluid, and a thoracic computed tomographic scan confirmed multiple lung abscesses. Results of an initial transthoracic echocardiograph were normal, but a subsequent transesophageal echocardiograph demonstrated tricuspid valve vegetation.

Questions

1.How do you find out if the strain that infected the patient is is MRSA?

2.What antibiotic/s can be substituted?

3.What are the precautions to be taken if this patient was to be hospitalized and why?

4.What would you recommend to do if this patient developed bed sores in the hospital

21. People with epileptic disorders have intellectual challenges:

a)true

b)false

22. Epilepsy is a contagious disease:

a)true

b)false

23. Osteoporosis is a disease of the muscles:

a)true

B)false

24. Osteoarthritis affects all the body systems:

a)true

b)false

25. Two types of seizures are partial and generalized:

a)true

b)false

General Survey Form

Objective: Conduct a General survey on a person of your choice. The purpose of this interaction is observation only.

1. Physical Appearance/Hygiene:
   1. General appearance:
   2. Gender
   3. Apparent age
   4. Ethnic group
   5. Appears overall healthy
   6. Well-groomed or disheveled (Note the general color of skin and hygiene)

2. Body Structure and Movement (Observe general stature):
   1. Height appropriate for apparent age
   2. Appears well nourished
   3. Weight suitable for the height
   4. Position or posture (comfortable and relaxed)
   5. Obvious deformities
   6. Walks with ease
   7. Gait balanced and smooth
   8. Limitations to range of motion
   9. Involuntary movements
   10. Using assistive devices

3. Emotional/Mental Status and Behavior:

Level of alertness

Appear well rested or tired

Converse appropriately

Behavior appropriate for the situation

Dress suitable for the weather

4. Document observations with detailed responses in a narrative format. For example, if a client appears tired provide a description adequate for the reader to visualize the client, “Client is alert and appears tired, slumped in a chair with eyes half closed.”

5. Describe two actual or potential risk factors for the client based on the assessment findings with description or reason for selection of them.

What is the difference between high-, middle-, and low-range theories? Explain your understanding of a middle-range nursing theory. Identify a research study in which a middle-range theory was applied. Discuss the study results and implications for practice.

George Garcia, a 23-year-old construction worker, and his wife, Anita, age 20, bring their 4-month-old daughter to the emergency room of a small community hospital. They speak broken English. They have another small child with them, as well as two older women. They are very worried about the infant, who they say has been unable to retain feedings of diluted cow's milk. Now, because of poor sucking and increased sleeping, the infant has not had anything by mouth for the last 24 hours. When asked, the parents say the infant has been sick for 3 or 4 days. The infant is listless, and her eyes are sunken. Anita is newly pregnant with her third child.

The Garcia family lives together in a small house 2 miles from the Mexican border in a predominantly Mexican American neighborhood.. The padrinosor compadres (godparents) live next door to the Garcias. The family is Catholic, and a medal of Our Lady of Guadalupe is on a chain around the older child's neck. The baby has a bracelet with a seed in it around her wrist. The 2 older women with the Garcias are the mothers of George and Anita. George's mother is a curandero, and has been treating the baby with weak specially brewed teas.

6..  Susto and empacho are 2 more conditions that may occur. Describe these, and the treatment.

7. What is the hot and cold theory of disease? How are foods used in this case? What are common foods and food rituals for this heritage group?

8. The infant is sent home with the family with instructions to provide 1 ounce of electrolyte solution every hour. The family is asked to return to the clinic the next day at 10:00 AM to be sure the baby's health is improving. Who in the family should receive the education about care for the baby? How could the temporal relationships of this heritage group affect the family's ability to carry out instructions?

9. In order to provide culturally sensitive care to Anita during her pregnancy, what pregnancy and childbearing practices should the health care professional be familiar with?

10. George was unable to go to work today because of concern for the baby's health. Describe how work is viewed by this heritage group when newly immigrated to the United States.

11. A "stereotype" is an oversimplified "conception, opinion, or belief about some aspect of an individual or group" (see the discussion on p. 8 of your text). A stereotype here in North Dakota could be that all people of Norwegian heritage say "uff-da", and eat a disgusting fish called lutefisk. Name 2 stereotypes that you have heard about people of Mexican heritage.