Question

6. The rhythmic, muscular movement that pushes the food through the stomach and intestines is called:

a) Vomiting

b) Swallowing

c) Peristalsis

d) Contractions

7. A diet restricted in sugar and/or calories may be ordered for the resident who:

a) Is a diabetic

b) Has difficulty digesting fats

c) Has difficulty chewing or swallowing

d) Has high blood pressure and/or disease of the cardiovascular system

8. Which foods would be restricted on a low cholesterol diet?

a) Bread

b) Potatoes

c) Ice cream

Option 4

d) Skim milk

9. The elderly are susceptible to choking because:

a) They are usually confused

b) They have a decreased cough reflex

c) Their esophagus is smaller than a younger person

d) Their salivary glands produce less saliva, making it more difficult to swallow

10. While eating dinner in the dining room, a resident begins to choke. You notice that they cannot speak and that their skin appears cyanotic around their mouth. The first thing you would do is:

a) Clear his mouth

b) Call for help

c) Ask him to raise his arms

d) Institute the Heimlich maneuver

Answer 1

ANSWER :

6.Option c - Peristalsis

Reason :

Peristalsis :

• They are rhythmic , organized , symmetrical ,and unidirectional  muscular movements that pushes the food through stomach and intestines.

Other options :

a)Vomiting :

• It is involuntary and forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth.

b)Swallowing :

• It is the process in which food passes from the mouth , to the pharynx, into the esophagus , while closing the esophagus.

d)Contractions :

• Segmental contractions are disorganized which occur in both directions and helps in mixing the food with secretions in intestines.

7.Option a - Is a diabetic

Reason :

In diabetes blood sugar levels increases due to:

• Decreased production of insulin by pancreas or,
• Decreased response of body cells to insulin produced.

So , they should take sugar restricted diet.

8.Option c - Icecream

Reason :

Icecream -

• 100gms of icecream contain 44mg of cholesterol.
• It is a full fat dairy product containing high amount of saturated fats.

Other options :

a)Bread - contains 0 cholesterol levels.

b)Potatoes - contains 0 cholesterol levels.They contain soluble and insoluble fiber.

d)Skim milk - 1 cup of skim milk contains 0 saturated fats and 5mg of cholesterol.

9.Option d - Their salivary glands produce less saliva , making it more difficult to swallow.

Reason :

Common causes of choking in elderly :

• Swallowing large portions of food at a time.
• Eating very fastly.
• Less teeth or ill fitting dentures
• Production of less saliva make it more difficult to swallow ,especially dry foods
• Other health conditions which causes difficulty in swallowing like paralysis , stroke , parkinson' s etc

10.Option d - Institute Heimlich maneuver

Reason :

• Choking causes oxygen saturations to fall and decreases oxygen supply to brain, so first aid (Heimlich maneuver) should be started as quickly as possible.
• After starting first aid take bystanders help to call for emegency help.