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In: Biology

list the steps of the lysogenic cycle and provide an explanation for whats occuring?

list the steps of the lysogenic cycle and provide an explanation for whats occuring?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Lysogenic cycles included 7 stages :1) Attachment 2) Penetration 3) Intregration 4) Maturation 5) cell Division 6) Transition of lysogenic to lytic cycle 7) Release of viral particles.

1) Attachment: Bacteriophage attached with the host cells or bacteria by using specific receptors present on host cells like lipopolysaccharides, teichoic acids, proteins, or flagella .

2) Penetration : After attaching the host cells it penetrate the phage nucleic acids(DNA or RNA) into the host cells.

3) Intregration: Penetrated genetic material of phage integrated into the host genome by using enzyme integrase and become a part of host genome and it is called as prophage.

4) Maturation or replication :Integrated genetic material (DNA) replicated along with host DNA but not transcribed and translated into virial proteins. And forms the copies of viral DNA.

5) cell Division: These host cell containing prophage divide into the daughter cells and transfer the viral DNA into the next or new generation of host.

6) Transition of lysogenic to lytic cycle: Host cell containing prophage is stimulated with UV light, low nutrient and chemical like mitomycin C and some stressors, Prophage rapidly isolated from host genome and enter into the lytic cycle.  

7) Release of viral particles:In lytic cycle prophage undergo transcrition and translation and produce viral particles and viral particles lyse the host cell and release out and infect the other cells.


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