Question

Describe the associations among intestinal absorption, renal elimination, bone stores, and the functions of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in regulating calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium levels.

Answer 1

QUESTION:

DESCRIBE THE ASSOCIATIONS AMONG INTESTINAL ABSORPTION, RENAL ELIMINATION, BONE STORES , AND THE FUNCTIONS OF VITAMIN D AND PARATHYROID HORMONE IN REGULATING CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND MAGNESIUM LEVELS .

• CALCIUM INTESTINAL ABSORPTION IS DONE BY THE CALCITRIOL, AN ACTIVE FORM OF VITAMIN D, WHICH IS PRODUCED BY THE PARATHYROID HORMONE.
• CALCITONIN IMPROVES CALCIUM DEPOSITION IN BONES.
• THE PARATHYROID HORMONES ARE PRODUCED BY THE PARATHYROID GLANDS .
• DECREASE IN CALCIUM RESULTS IN RISE OF PRODUCTION OF PARATHYROID HORMONES .
• INCREASE IN THE PHOSPHORUS LEVEL WILL STIMULATE THE PRODUCTION OF PARATHYROID HORMONES AND INCREASE IN THE EXCRETION OF PHOSPHORUS BY THE KIDNEYS.
• INCREASE IN PARATHYROID HORMONE WILL LEAD TO LOSS OF BONE MINERALS AND MAY RESULT IN BONE DESTRUCTION.
• OVER-DOSAGE OF CALCIUM WILL LEAD TO KIDNEY STONES.
• DEFICIENCY OF PARATHYROID HORMONE WILL RESULT IN DECREASE IN CALCIUM AND PHOSPHATE LEVEL AND THEREBY LEADING TO EXTREME MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS.
• EXCESS OF PHOSPHATE EXCRETION AND ACTIVATION OF VITAMIN D WILL RESULT IN RENAL MALFUNCTIONS OR EVEN RENAL FAILURES.