Describe the HPA axis and it’s role in the stress response

Expert Solution

HPA axis is the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. It is involved in the stress response hormones known as glucocorticoids and cortisol. Cortisol is one of the primary hormones involved in stress response in the body. These hormones attempt at maintaining the homeostasis (balanced state of functioning) of the body by rapidly responding to the potential threats faced by the environment. This has been related to alcohol dependence in many studies, wherein relapse to drinking is followed by abstinence. This is due to the withdrawal symptoms that occur in the body as it gets accustomed to the alcohol consumption. Extensive research has established that distortions in the activity of HPA axis is associated with alcohol addiction. Other substance use, depression an other brain mechanisms are also linked with the activities of the HPA axis suggesting the crucial role it plays in maintaining the balance in one's physiological and mental health. Any distortions in this axis are linked to disorders and deviations from normalcy.

Hayet Jeridi answered 2 years ago

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