Question

Describe the role of the neuroendocrine system in the stress response?

Answer 1

Stress stimulus sends a signal to the hypothalamus then adrenal medulla to which mediate short term stress response.

Hypothalamus to the adrenal cortex via nerve impulses, which mediate long term stress response.

The hormone behind these responses is adrenocorticotropic released by the anterior pituitary gland.

The three major factors occur at the time of stress response is:

a. Alarm: When the body perceived something from outside as a stressful and body start to fight- or- flight response against it.

b. Resistance: The body tries to produce a response and increase the metabolic level. the body can not maintain it for a long time.

c. Exhaustion: Prolonged exposure to stress, depleted the body's immune system. that leads to many health issues like depression, digestive problems, diabetes, and so on.

The imbalance in homeostasis means stress, activates the two systems of the body. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and Sympathetic nervous system.

Due to stress-induced result in activation of a series of neural and endocrine response against it called as stress response or stress cascade.

Over or underproduction of cortisol hormone can result in the devastating of Cushing's and Addison's diseases.