Should Pluto be classified as a planet or not? If so, why, and would this open the classification of many objects in our solar system? If Pluto is not a planet, why not? explain briefly.

Feijoa juice is being concentrated using an ultrafiltration membrane to remove excess water. The dilute feed flows in at 600 m/hr with 5 % solids (wt/wt) and density 1015 kg/m3. The desired concentration of the juice is 16 % total solids. A tubular membrane system is chosen, with membrane tubes of 3 cm internal diameter. The system operates with a pressure differential of 3000 kPa applied across the membrane.
a) What is the main advantage of using membrane separation to concentrate feijoa juice instead of evaporation?
b) Determine the mass flow rates of the feed, permeate and retentate streams in kg/s.
c) If the permeability constant of the membrane is 5 × 10-5 kg/[m2 kPa s], what is the total length of membrane tube required?
d) Explain how concentration polarisation will affect transmembrane flux in this process. You may include relevant equations in your explanation.

Write an essay on the logic of Songhay's “hauka” spirit possession ritual, based on the book Fusion of the Worlds. “Logic” has to do with reason and rationality. What’s the reason for the “hauka” ritual, and what makes it rational, from the Songhay point of view? Be sure to describe the “hauka” possession ritual in as much detail as possible. In what ways do the details of the ritual help us understand the “logic” of the ritual?

describe and elaborate on the importance of East Timor. Include qualitative AND quantitative information, including countries, cities, dates, and names.

explain its significance.

Write the stoichiometric equations for the combustion of methane with oxygen to form (a) CO₂ and H₂O and (b) CO and H₂O; and for the combustion of ethane with oxygen to form (c) CO₂ and H₂O and (d) CO and H₂O. Then prove that only three of these four reactions are independent.

Use your knowledge of the coast/the beach to illustrate how the lithosphere, biosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere are all interconnected specifically in that region.

What values can be calculated given only the mentioned data?

The flue gas from a furnace burning a fuel of negligible nitrogen content is found to contain 12% CO₂, 7.2% O₂, 1.1 % SO₂ and 79.7% N₂

What are the values of the indo-burma hotspot,  you will need to highlight why this particular hotspot is important including its ecosystem services. You will also need to discuss why this particular hotspot is so important in terms of both local and global sustainability considering all three pillars: environment, economy and society.

When a chemical plant needs steam at multiple pressure levels, it is often economical to generate all the steam at a high pressure and then to let the steam down through pressure-reducing turbines to the desired pressure. This principle is illustrated in Figure 8.6. The downside of this approach is that as the exhaust pressure of the turbine increases, the theoretical (and actual) steam requirements increase, meaning that less energy is extracted. To illustrate this point, do the following:

a. Estimate the amount of energy extracted from 10,000 kg/h of 58.6 barg steam superheated by 165°C when connected to the following turbines (each 80% efficient):

i. Exhaust pressure is 4″ Hg absolute.

ii. Exhaust pressure is 4.82 barg.

b. Estimate the amount of energy extracted from 10,000 kg/h of saturated, 10.0 barg steam when connected to a turbine (80% efficient) exhausting at 4.82 barg.

c. Identify the locations of each of the three turbines described above on Figure 8.6.

From the book "Perrys Chemical Engineers", 6th ed Figure 8.5 and 8.6

Explain the concepts behind the three types of resistivity logs

1. Eutrophication is an example of a positive feedback loop, where change in the system promotes further change in the same direction. Describe another environmental issue that has synergistic effects with cultural eutrophication and how it exacerbates the problem.

1. How can we limit cultural eutrophication? Discuss two methods and their potential impacts.
2. What is stormwater runoff and why is it primarily a concern in urbanized areas?
3. What are three types of pollutants that could be carried in stormwater runoff? Discuss their sources and potential environmental impacts.
4. Describe two other potential sources of water pollution that contribute to the recommendation not to swim after a heavy rain.

A distillation column with a total condenser and a partial reboiler is separating ethanol and water at 1 kg/cm2 pressure. Feed is 32.0 mol% ethanol and is at 30°C. Feed flow rate is 100.0 kmol/h. The distillate product is a saturated liquid, and distillate is 80.0 mol% ethanol. The condenser removes 2,065,113 kcal/h. The bottoms is 4.0 mol% ethanol. Assume that CMO is valid. Find the number of stages and the optimum feed stage location. Data: CPL,EtOH = 24.65 cal/(mol°C) at 0°C. The enthalpy-composition diagram is given in Figure 2-4, and the y-x diagram is in Figure 2-2.