Question

Compare and contrast the following terms:

            a) Centriole and centrosome

            b) Centrosome and Microtubule Organizing Center (MTOC)

            c) Gamma tubulin ring complex and MTOC

Answer 1

a) Both centriole and centrosome are complicated structures, which are essential for cell division. There are two centrioles located within the centrosome in each animal cell.

Centrosome is an amorphous structure containinf two centriole and has a simple physical structure but carries out a variety of complex functions. It contains and provides the proteins required for the creation of microtubule threads. it serves as a regulator of cell cycle progression.

Centriole is an organelle with an intricate microstructure and have a complex physical structure. these actas a kind of scaffolding for the newly formed microtubules.

b) Microtubule- organising centre (MTOC) is a structure from which the microtubules emerge and found in eukaryotic cells. organisation of the eukaryotic flagella and cilia, and the organisation of the mitotic spindle apparatus, which seperates the chromosome during cell division are two the main functions of MTOCs.

The centrosome is an organelle that serves as the main mictrotubule organising centre (MTOC) of the animal cell. movements of the microtubules are based on the actions of the centrosome. The interphase MTOC replicates to form two distinct MTOCs, ie centrosomes, before cell division begins. these centrosomes move to the opposite ends of the cell and nucleate microtubules to help form the mitotic or the meiotic spindle during the cell division.

c) The Gamma-tubulin ring complex is found as the core functional unit in a (MTOC), such as the centrosome in animal cells. Gamma-tubulin ring complex in the centrosome nucleates an array of microtubules in interphase, which extend their positive ends radially outwards into the cytoplasm towards the periphery of the cell.

Microtubule- organising centre (MTOC) is a structure from which the microtubules emerge and found in eukaryotic cells. organisation of the eukaryotic flagella and cilia, and the organisation of the mitotic spindle apparatus, which seperates the chromosome during cell division are two the main functions of MTOCs.

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