Question

Choose 2 (TWO) of the following PAIRS of terms related to PLANTS to compare and contrast (this means that you need to explain both shared features and distinguishing features in the pair). You also need to include at least ONE specific phylum for each term.
For example: microgametophyte and megagametophyte: These terms refer to organisms found in the 4 phyla of the the Gymnosperms and the Anthophyta in the plant Kingdom. The microgametophyte is contained within the pollen grain and contains the sperm and the megagametophyte contains the egg and is enclosed in integuments. They are both produced by different types of spores (microspores vs. megaspores) .

Choices: CHOOSE TWO PAIRS

• homospory and heterospory
• ovary and ovule in plants
• Archegonia and antheridia
• seed and spore

Answer 1

Homospory and Heterospory are the types of spores which are produced from the different types of spores

Homospory is also known as Isospory is the characteristic feature of seedless vascular plants( ferns, mosses, and horsetails), and also bryophytes. Homospory, as the name suggests, produces the single type of spores which are of the same size. Therefore these spores upon germination produce a single type of bisexual gametophyte. On the other hand, Hetrospory refers to the production of the different spores that are microspores and megaspores.these spores are the characteristic of plants that produce seed and few bryophytes. The seeds upon germination produce haploid gametophyte(archegonia and antheridia)  which upon mitosis produces megaspore and microspore, respectively. Megaspore is the female spore larger in size compared to the microspore which is male spore smaller in size.

Archegonia and Antheridia: These are basically the sex organs of non-flowering plants.

Archegonia is the plural form of archegonium which is the female gametophyte of nonflowering plants that produces megaspores. It consists of a foot, venter and neck. venter is the bulb-like structure that produces and develops the egg. whereas the antheridia are the male gametophyte which produces the microspores. the antheridium looks like a thick cylindrical sac which produces the sperms until they get mature. upon maturation these are relased into the extrenal environmemnt where they come in caontact with the archegonia carrying the mature eggs leading to the fertiliozation