Question

3. which of the following drugs is suitable for inter nasal systemic drug delivery?

a) morphine / since high lipophilicity

b) hyosine / avoidance from hepatic clearance

c) morphine / making long effectiveness for pain management

d) all are true

4. which one is correct?

a) isoosmatic solution are always isoto

b) isoton solution could be isoosmotic

c) for preparation od ocular formulation the formula should be isotonic with ocular fluid

d) isotonic solutions could be irritant

Answer 1

3.Drug that is suitable for inter nasal systemic drug delivery is-

b) hyosine / avoidance from hepatic clearance

Option a, c and d are incorrect because

Morphine is lipophobic not Lipophilic.

Also, Morphine is Not properly Absorbed Via Intra-Nasal Route only 10% of it Gets Absorbed so Effectiveness for pain Management is Very Low With this Intra-Nasal Route of Drug Administration.

4. The Correct one is-

b) isotonic solution could be isosmotic.

Here Option a , c and d Are Incorrect Because-

Isosmotic solution are not Necessarily isotonic

It was previously thought that tonicity was very important for ophthalmic preparations and that solutions should be isotonic with the body’s natural fluids. Lacrimal fluid has an isotonicity value similar to 0.9% sodium chloride solution or normal saline. However, the eye can tolerate a range from 0.6% to 1.8%. so, Ocular Prepartions neednot be Isotonic.

Isotonic Can Cross the Mucus Membrane So they are not Irritant rather the preservatives Added to increase Their Shelf-life makes them Irritant.

Isotonicity implies a biological compatibility, whereas isoosmoticity implies similarity of chemical and/or physical composition.

Solutions that are isoosmotic to biological fluids/blood are not necessarily isotonic as tonicity refers to a given cell membrane.

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