Question

Solve the following problems - assembly - computer organization and architecture- william stallings

1) What is the difference between the twos complement representation of a number and
the twos complement of a number?

2) What are the four essential elements of a number in floating-point notation?

3) Give a reason for the use of guard bits.

Answer 1

1.) What is the difference between the two's complement representation of a number and the two's complement of a number?

Answer : The difference between the two's complement representation of a number and the two's complement of a number is that ,

a.)With the two's complement representation of a number ,we can easily identify whether the integer is negative (or) positive

b.)Whereas the two's complement of a number is nothing but, the computation is involved which performs complementing of each and every bit of the specified number and adding one to the number.

2) What are the four essential elements of a number in floating-point notation?
Answer :

Floating-point representation of a number is given below :

where,

1st bit ( )represents the sign bit

m represents the mantissa(significand)

R represents the base of the number

e represents the exponent.

Hence,from the above,we can understand that the four essential elements of a number in floating-point notation are :

a.)Sign

b.)Mantissa(Significand)

c.)Base

d.)Exponent

3) Give a reason for the use of guard bits.

Guard Bits:

a.)Additional Bits  which are added to the registers are called the Guard Bits.

b.)They are filled at the right end of the significand with 0s(zeros) in the register.

Reason for the use of guard bits :

a.)They are mainly used for the betterment of the rounding accuracy in numbers .

b.)The main reason is to reduce the unwanted loss of bits .