Question

Exercise 3: Erikson's Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt and Initiative vs Guilt Stages - This assignment is designed to help students brainstorm strategies for positive psychosocial development in two of Erikson's stages, both in classroom and home settings.

Complete the document by describing what happens in both Erikson's Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt and Initiative vs Guilt stages. Additionally, describe one strategy teachers can use in the classroom setting to encourage Autonomy and Initiative, and one strategy parents/caregivers can use in the home setting to encourage Autonomy and Initiative.

This assignment is worth 25pts.

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt:

What happens in this stage? (2.5pts)

What can teachers do in the classroom to encourage Autonomy? (5pts)

What can parents/caregivers do in the home to encourage Autonomy? (5pts)

Initiative vs Guilt:

What happens in this stage? (2.5pts)

What can teachers do in the classroom to encourage Initiative? (5pts)

What can parents/caregivers do in the home to encourage Initiative? (5pts)

Answer 1

Autonomy vs shame and doubt -

In this stage, children around the age of 2-3 years old develop a sense of self-control. They can do basic things on their own like dressing, eating. They achieve a sense of independence or autonomy by doing these things on their own. Toilet training is an important event in this stage. By mastering this stage, these kids become more confident in their later stage of life. If not, it could lead to them doubting their abilities in this stage and in the later stages of life.

Autonomy in classrooms :-

1.Offering choices :- Teachers should offer children choices as to which activity they want to do or which games they want to play.

2.Listening to their ideas can develop their sense of autonomy. It makes them feel important or helps them understand that adults respect their abilities

Autonomy in home:-

1. Parents should be reassuring and not be too overprotective.

2.They should reinforce the child's efforts when they master the basic performing skills of this stage.

Initiative vs guilt

In this stage, children around the age of 3 to 5 years will learn to exert power over themselves and on the outside world. They would want to explore new things and try new things on thieir own. They would want to take initiative to do different things and explore their abilities. If they are discouraged to do so, it leads to the feeling of guilt.

Initiative in classrooms :-

1.Children will take initiative once you allow them choices. Giving them options to choose from will help them to take initiative.

2.They should be exposed to different things, so that they can explore their abilities.

Initiative in home:-

1. By helping them to make appropriate choices while exploring themselves like the kind of friends they want to play with, the activities that they are interested in.

2.Parent should not over-direct their children as they may struggle to take initiative and lead them to doubt their abilities.