A piston-cylinder apparatus contains argon at initial conditions of 15 psia, 70F, and 0.30 ft³. The argon is then compressed slowly and frictionlessly to a final pressure of 150 psia. Heat transfer between the argon and the surroundings at 60F causes the temperature to remain constant throughout the compression process. Determine (a) the argon mass (lbm), (b) the final volume (ft³), (c) the work for the process (ft-lbf), (d) the heat transfer (BTU), and (f) the total entropy generation for the process (BTU/R). (f) Why is this process irreversible?

In a Porter governor, the mass of the central load is 18 kg and the mass of each ball is 2 kg. The top
arms are 250 mm while the bottom arms are each 300 mm long. The friction of the sleeve is 14 N. If
the top arms make 45° with the axis of rotation in the equilibrium position, find the range of speed of
the governor in that position.

In a Porter governor, the mass of the central load is 18 kg and the mass of each ball is 2 kg. The top
arms are 250 mm while the bottom arms are each 300 mm long. The friction of the sleeve is 14 N. If
the top arms make 45° with the axis of rotation in the equilibrium position, find the range of speed of
the governor in that position.

In a hydraulic circuit, four double acting cylinders are connected together in the circuit. When a 4/3-way directional control valve (DCV) is actuated manually by using lever, the first and the third cylinder will extend first and followed by the second and fourth cylinder after cylinder 1 and 3 completely extended. When the DCV is shifted to the right envelope mode using lever, the fourth cylinder will retract first, followed by the third cylinder, second cylinder and lastly the first cylinder will retract after the second cylinder fully retract. Sketch the circuit and explain the circuit briefly.

A motor apply power 10-hp split-phase motor speed at 1700 rpm is used to drive a rotary pump, which operates 24 hours per day. An engineer has specified a 7-in small sheave, an 10-in large sheave, and three C112 belts. The service factor of 1.2 was augmented by 0.1 because of the continuous-duty requirement. Analyze the drive and estimate the belt life in passes and hours.

Given the “As Received” analysis of a coal:

     Sulfur           = 1.52%                  Hydrogen      = 6.36%

     Carbon         = 79.56%                Nitrogen        = 1.42%

     Oxygen         = 5.02%                  Moisture       = 2.51%

     Ash              = 6.12%

Using the ASH AND MOISTURE FREE ANALYSIS OF THE COAL, calculate the following:

a) Theoretical O/F ratio

b) Actual A/F ratio at 20% excess air

c) Gravimetric Analysis of wet gas

d) Volumetric Analysis of dry gas

e) LHV of the fuel in kJ/kg

a viscous turbulent flow can be described by which equtions

write the mathematical code in language fortran 77 about Linda Hanson palstic cryocooler refrigerator using r407c refrigerant with moving coil magnet compressor technology the compressor is used is scroll casing using r407c refrigerant hand blender ammonia and solid CO2

For a marine diesel engine application, a fluid-film journal bearing has a shaft diameter of 32 mm and the length of the bearing is 24 mm. The bearing uses SAE grade 20 oil as lubricant and operates under a radial load. The inlet and outlet temperatures of oil are 50oC and 110oC respectively. It is assumed that because of the shearing action there is a uniformly distributed energy release in the lubricant that heats the lubricant film. During run-in operation, the film temperature can be approximated as the average of the inlet and outlet temperatures. Assuming reasonable design data, perform an overall design assessment for the following four cases:

Case 1: Applied load: 2.5 kN, Radial clearance: 0.04 mm, Shaft speed: 1800 rpm

Case 2: Applied load: 5.0 kN, Radial clearance: 0.04 mm, Shaft speed: 1800 rpm

Case 3: Applied load: 2.5 kN, Radial clearance: 0.04 mm, Shaft speed: 3600 rpm

Case 4: Applied load: 2.5 kN, Radial clearance: 0.02 mm, Shaft speed: 1800 rpm

a) Analyze and estimate the bearing design parameters such as, minimum film thickness, power loss, side flow, total flow and maximum film pressure for the above four cases.

b) Which parameter is most influential for economical running of the bearing ? Justify with reasons.

c) Which parameter is most influential for safe running of the bearing ? Justify with reasons.

d) Compare and discuss the results for the above four cases.

In view of the product life cycle, consider the progression that the EV (electric vehicle) industry is undergoing by stage. Discuss the 4 P's for each stage within the EV product journey. Be specific in describing market conditions for each stage. What are the types of buyers will the EV manufacturer encounter for each stage. How does the PLC model align with the Boston Consulting Group model in reference to the EV market? Where is the market currently for EVs?

NASA is sending a remote-sensing spacecraft to Mars.

Given:

Earth parking orbit altitude= 1000 km

Mars Parking orbit altitude=  500 km

μ_Earth =  3.99x10⁵ km³/s²

μ_Mars =  4.280x10⁴ km³/s²

μ_Sun =  1.33x10¹¹ km³/s²

^{Earth's orbital radius =   1.50 x108 km (assume Earth has a circular orbit for this problem)}

Mars' orbital radius =  2.28  x10⁸ km (assume Mars has a circular orbit for this problem)

Find the semi major axis of the transfer orbit, v∞Earth , v∞Mars, ΔVboost,ΔVretro ,ΔVmission (enter your answer as a number which will be assumed to be in km)

All else being equal, for rolling element bearings, which is more damaging?

A jet of water 50 mm in diameter with a velocity of 20 m/s strikes a flat plate inclined at an angle of 30° to the axis of the jet. Determine

(i) the normal force exerted on the plate when the plate is stationary

(ii) the normal force exerted on the plate when the plate is moving at 5 m/s in the direction of the jet

(iii) the work-done on the plate and the efficiency for case (ii).

The following data is provided for the spectral distribution of the radiation emitted by a diffuse surface.

• E_lambda (W/m² micrometer) = 0 for lambda between 0 and 5
• E_lambda (W/m² micrometer) = 100 for lambda between 5 and 10
• E_lambda (W/m² micrometer) = 200 for lambda between 10 and 15
• E_lambda (W/m² micrometer) = 100 for lambda between 15 and 20
• E_lambda (W/m² micrometer) = 0 for lambda above 20

Provide the following:

1. A plot of E_lambda versus lambda, based on the given data
2. Assumptions
3. Total emissive power, E
4. Total intensity of the radiation emitted, I_e
5. Explain the reason why there are (or there are no) differences between the intensity emitted at 0 degrees versus at 30 degrees to the surface normal direction. Use a sketch and only one sentence.

After the experiment of Aluminum, Copper and Nylon specimens, data shows that the tangent modulus is lower than the Young's modulus.
What does that physically mean?
Are the specimens showing signs of softening or hardening?