Technology that performs at the level of superhuman intelligence and beyond already exists. As Harris explained, even with a machine that performs at the level of humans or a group of researchers, it’ll still work exponentially faster than them. Harris says, describing a machine like that, that “in one week, it can perform 20,000 years of human-level intellectual work.” So of course, it’ll be convenient and amazing to have artificial intelligence find the cure to disease and find the answers to a question almost instantaneously compared to a group of researchers who may take months to do so, but when does AI reach the point where it’s so smart, that it’ll have no problem disregarding human’s lives to do what it wants to do?

Within the first two minutes of Sam Harris’ TED Talk on artificial intelligence, I was reminded of many of the episodes in Black Mirror where advanced technology in which we can currently only dream of becomes abused and causes chaos. Technology is constantly becoming more advanced, efficient, and intelligent. Undoubtedly, artificial intelligence will one day become so intelligent, it’ll have the ability to function independently of a human’s control. Without regulation, one day robot’s will start fixing all our economic issues and research questions. Human will be almost or basically useless and free to roam the earth doing whatever, just depending on robot’s to keep the world spinning. And what will stop robots from viewing us as “ants” and not hesitating to take us out if we are in their way? I agree that technology has brought us very far and I do think it should continue advancing whether it is to cure Alzheimers or just make our daily life more convenient, but when does AI become dangerously advanced? How do we decide when AI will threaten the human species? When do we decide to put a stop to it?

Please provide the answers in clear way

A company is planning to install a new automated plastic-molding press. Four different presses are available. The initial capital investments and annual expenses for these four different alternatives are:

Assume each press has the same output capacity of 150,000 units per year, has no salvage value at the end of its useful life, and the minimum attractive rate of return is 10%. The selling price for each plastic molded unit is $0.425 per unit.

a) Which press should you purchase if 150,000 nondefective units per year are produced by each press and all units can be sold?

b) Which press should you purchase is each press still produces 150,000 units per year, but the estimated unit reject rate is 7.4% for P1, 1.3% for P2, 2.6% for P3, and 4.6% for P4, where all nondefective units are sold but the defective units have no market value?

For the following, explain what each of them will do in MatLab by saying what the command does and what the result is. For example, if the command is >>x(2:end, 1:3) then your answer to this problem should be: This command retrieves the subset of x defined by rows 2 and 3 and columns 1-3. The result is a 2x3 matrix. Before you begin, run the command: x = [1 3 4 5 7; 5 6 10 9 11; 10 23 23 1 3];

a) x(:,5)

b) x(1,:)

c) x(2,3:4)

d) x(1:2,2:5)

e) length(x(1,:))

f) length(x(:,1))

g) sum(x(2,:))

h) mean(x(:,end))

i) max(x)

j) max(max(x))

k) round(3.75)

l) floor(3.75)

m) rem(150,100)

n) log(25)

Fourier Series Approximation Matlab HW1:
   

You are given a finite step function  
x(t)=-1, 0<t<4
         1, 4<t<8 .

Hand calculate the FS coefficients of x(t) by assuming half- range expansion,  for each case below and modify the code.

Approximate x(t) by cosine series only (This is even-half range expansion). Modify the below code and plot the approximation showing its steps changing by included number of FS terms in the approximation.

Approximate x(t) by sine series only (This is odd-half range expansion).. Modify the below code and plot the approximation showing its steps changing by included number of FS terms in the approximation.

You are given a code below which belongs to a different function, if you run this code it works and you will see it belongs to ft=1 0<t<2 0 2<t<4 . In this code f(t) is only approximated by even coefficients (cosine series).
Upload to BB learn using the Matlab HW1 link:
A multi page pdf file that shows

The hand calculations of FS coefficients

The original function plotted

The approximated functions plotted for b and c.

A Comment on how FS expansion approximates discontinuities in the function.

MATLAB CODE
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
clear all
close all
% Example MATLAB M-file that plots a Fourier series
% Set up some input values
P = 4; %period = 2P
num_terms = 100; %approximate infinite series with finite number of terms
% Miscellaneous setup stuff
format compact;  % Gets rid of extra lines in output. Optional.
% Initialize x-axis values from -1.25L to 1.25L. Middle number is step size. Make
% middle number smaller for smoother plots
t = -4:0.001:4;
x=zeros(length(t),1);   % reseting original half range expanded function array
x(0<=t & t<2)=1;       % forming the original half range expanded function array for the purpose of plotting only
x(2<t & t <4)=0;
x(t<0 & -2<t)=1;
x(t<-2 & t>-4)=0;
figure     %plotting original half range expanded function
plot(t,x)
axis([-4.5 4.5 -0.5 1.5])
%Starting to approximate f(t)
% Initialize y-axis values.  y = f(t)
f = zeros(size(x'));
% Add a0/2 to series
a0 = 1;
f = f + a0/2;
% Loop num_terms times through Fourier series, accumulating in f.
figure
for n = 1:num_terms
   
 
   
   % Formula for an.
   an = (2/(n*pi))*sin(n*pi/2);
       bn=0;
   
   % Add cosine and sine into f
   f = f + an*cos(n*pi*t/P) + bn*sin(n*pi*t/P);
   
   % Plot intermediate f.  You can comment these three lines out for faster
   % execution speed.  The function pause(n) will pause for about n
   % seconds.  You can raise or lower for faster plots.
   plot(t,f);
   set(gca,'FontSize',16);
   title(['Number of terms = ',num2str(n)]);
   grid on;
   if n < 5
       pause(0.15);
   else
       pause(0.1);
   end
   xlabel('even approx');
end;

A single thread power screw is 36 mm in diameter with a pitch of 6 mm. A vertical load on the screw imposes a force of 9 kN. The coefficients of friction are 0.09 for the collar and 0.16 for the screw. The effective diameter of the collar is 52 mm. Find the overall efficiency and torque required to raise and lower this load.

Hi, I'm currently writing a Matlab program to simulate the Apollo 11 trajectory. Now I want to plot a 3D animated orbit which is a 60 by 58 nautical miles orbit. Can you provide a code or some idea of how to plot an orbit like this in 3D?

Provide two good reasons machine age thinking doesn’t work well for systems of any appreciable complexity

Why are good systems operational requirements and a maintenance & support concept important?

Determine the phase description of each the following substances. You may choose 1) "Subcooled or compressed liquid", 2) "Saturated fluid or saturated mixture", 3) Superheated vapor or superheated gas. a) Water 101kPa & 25°C     b) Water 101kPa & 100°C c) Water 20kPa & 70°C       d) Water 500kPa & 1300°C e) Water 10kPa & 340°C    f) Water 10kPa & 30°C g) Water 1600kPa & 180°C   h) Water 17.5MPa & 330°C i)  Ammonia  100kPa & -25°C   j) Ammonia   350kPa & 0°C k) R134a   3000kPa & -20°C

the sources of energy loss contained in fluid power system can include

Use Laplace transformations to solve the following differential equations:

dy(t)/dt + a y(t) = b; I.C.s y(0) = c

d2y(t)/dt2 + 6 dy(t)/dt + 9 y(t) = 0; I.C.s y(0) = 2, dy(0)/dt = 1

d2y(t)/dt2 + 4 dy(t)/dt + 8 y(t) = 0; I.C.s y(0) = 2, dy(0)/dt = 1

d2y(t)/dt2 + 2 dy(t)/dt + y(t) = 3e-2t; I.C.s y(0) = 1, dy(0)/dt = 1

Calculate the heat of combustion and the stoichiometric fuel to air ratio (mass and molar) for 1) Methane and 2) Octane. Comment on whether the assumption of f<<1 is valid for these conditions.

Refrigerant 134a at p₁ = 30 lb_f/in², T₁ = 40^oF enters a compressor operating at steady state with a mass flow rate of 400 lb/h and exits as saturated vapor at p₂ = 160 lb_f/in². Heat transfer occurs from the compressor to its surroundings, which are at T₀ = 40^oF. Changes in kinetic and potential energy can be ignored. The power input to the compressor is 4 hp.  

Determine the heat transfer rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr, and the entropy production rate for the compressor, in Btu/hr·^oR.

A P - 51 Musta ng (WWII plane) is tested in the large wind tunnel at NASA Ames. The plane has a pitot - static probe system mounted. We want to test the P - 51 at a flight speed of 160 mph and altitude of 40,000 ft. T he wind tunnel’s test section has a cross - sectional area of 5000 ft 2 and a reservoir area of 100,000 ft 2 .

What pressure is needed in the reservoir to drive this flow?

a. Does Bernoulli’s equation apply here? i. Hint: What flow condition is required for Bernoulli’s equation?

b. If 1 60 mph is the true airspeed, what is the static and stagnation pressure? i. Hint: You are given the flight altitude as 40,000 ft.

c. W h at reservoir pressure is needed to achieve this test section velocity and pressure?

The metal titanium, which is useful in making alloys to resist high temperatures and extremely corrosive environments, adopts two crystal structures – close-packed hexagonal (α-phase) at room temperature and body-centred cubic (β-phase) above 882 °C. Under favourable circumstances, the α phase can dissolve up to 32 atomic % (nearly 15 wt %) of oxygen whereas the β phase can dissolve very little oxygen at the transition temperature (882 °C) and a little more at higher temperatures. Oxygen atoms have a radius of approximately 0.7 x 10-10 m.

a) Given that the “distance of closest approach” between two titanium atoms is approximately 2.92 x 10-10 m, calculate the radii of the octahedral and tetrahedral interstices in both the hexagonal and cubic forms of titanium. .

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b) Use your answers to part a) to explain why the solubility of oxygen is different in the two structures of titanium? .

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c) Can you explain how a metal that is capable of dissolving so much oxygen below 882 °C can simultaneously have excellent oxidation resistance? .

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