1-Why the material does not experience uniform elongation after necking tensile test?

2-Why the sprue is not designed straight / show your reasoning by using some formula?

A rod of diameter D = 25 mm and thermal conductivity of 60 W/m·K protrudes from a furnace with a wall temperature of 200ºC. The rod is welded to the furnace wall and is used as a hangar for instrumentation cables. To avoid damaging the cables, the surface temperature of last 100 mm of the rod must be kept below 100ºC. The ambient air temperature is 25ºC and the convection coefficient is 15 W/m2K. (a) Write the finite-difference equation for an internal node with ?x = 2 mm. (b) Write the finite difference equation for the node at the fin tip.

A component (pearlitic) is very weak. Describe a procedure of strengthening it.

Consider 4.0 pounds per minute of water vapor at 100 lb_f/in², 500^oF, and a velocity of 100 ft/s entering a nozzle operating at steady state and expanding adiabatically to the exit, where the pressure is 40 lb_f/in². The isentropic nozzle efficiency is 95.0%.  

(a) Determine the velocity of the steam at the exit, in ft/s.

(b) Determine the rate of entropy production, in Btu/min·^oR.

Air of 0.5 kg mass is compressed in a piston-cylinder device from 300 K, 120 kPa to 500K, 940 kPa. (a) Determine the entropy change in kJ/K using (i) approximate analysis and (ii) exact analysis. (b) Determine the direction of heat transfer (into the device or out of the device).

An insulated, rigid tank whose volume is 0.5 m³ is connected by a valve to a large vessel holding steam at 40 bar, 480°C. The tank is initially evacuated. The valve is opened only as long as required to fill the tank with steam to a pressure of 20 bar.
Determine:
(a) the final temperature of the steam in the tank, in °C, the final mass of the steam in the tank, in kg, and
(b) the amount of entropy produced, in kJ/K.

If the steam is now expanded from 10 bar and 500 degree Celsius to 0.04 bar with isentropic efficiency of 90%, in what respects does the ideal gas assumption become invalid. Compare the ideal gas and steam table results for the exit temperature and the work output

Assume the average home requires an electrical power of 1.2kW, an average life expectancy of 75 years, and only power from nuclear energy. For such a homeowner, what would be the lifetime generation of vitrified high level waste (HLW) in kg and liters (assuming reprocessing and recycling of U and Pu). Recall from our notes and handouts for chapter 7, the vitrified waste containers in France hold the HLW equivalent of 1.5 fuel recycled assemblies with an energy production of 1 TWh (1E+12 Wh). Compare this to some common size object such as a soda can for ease of conversation. Of course, this ignores other energy needs/requirements for such a person. Explain. How might nuclear power be used to meet these needs also?

how these Die-tools are traditionally manufactured.

6 types of Traditional manufacturing methods relevant to die manufacture e.g laser jet cutting, water jet cutting, milling, lathing etc? (should cover following information and no more than 300 words for each method) Your discussion in this section should include the following information regarding.

1. how method creates die/part and what materials can it use

2. what are the tolerances and finish of die/part

3. what are the material properties/strength of the final product

4. how long does it take to produce the desired die/part and approx cost.

5. Advantages and disadvantages.

How would you rapidly manufacture tooling for injection molding? Explain any difficulties that may be encountered.

Why is cooling the work (e.g., with a fan) important in the process of 3d printing?

How do scientists at pharmaceutical companies use 3d printing to design drugs?

Consider rider on a typical bicycle pedalling up a hill. Specifically, the case when the cyclist is using their body weight alone to apply the pedalling force. Draw a diagram of the situation that you can analyse the system and answer the following questions:

a) Does the mass of the rider affect the acceleration of the bike (and rider) up the hill?

b) Is there an optimum ratio from pedal crank radius to rear wheel (including the chain drive ratio) that will maximise the acceleration?

c) Is there a maximum angle that the bike and rider could ride up?

d) How does the angle of the pedal affect the acceleration (if at all)?

e) What coefficient of the friction is needed between the tire and the wheel to ensure no slipping?

Ignore air resistance and friction losses within the bike.

3. (a) Outline with the aid of a schematic diagram the different stages in the processing of an Interstitial Free strip steel

(b) Discuss the principles of the pearlite transformation in a eutectoid (0.76%wt C) plain carbon steel

(c) List four main mechanisms and microstructural features which contribute to the high strength of martensite in marageing steels