Question

Explain how hypertension and high cholesterol associated with severe lung inflammation would increase the risk of Mr Ken having an acute coronary syndrome

Answer 1

Acute coronary syndrome due to decreased blood flow in the coronary arteries such that part of the heart muscle unable to function properly or dies. The most common symptom is chest pain,often radiating to the left shoulder or angle of the jaw,crushing, central and accociated with nausea and sweating.

Acute coronary syndrome is commonly associated with three clinical manifestations ,named according to the appearance of the ECG. ST elevation MI, nonST elevation,MI or unstable angina.

Arterial hypertension and hypercholestremia is one of the main factors leading to atherogenisis and development of vulnerable plaque whose instability or rupture(which in turn results in thrombosis and vessel occlusions) are responsible the development of acute coronary syndrome.

When high level of cholesterol occur in the blood stream, excess LDL begins to seep in to inner wall of the artery. This triggers inflammatoery response,which actually speed up the accumilation cholestrol in the artery wall, eventually harden into plaque leads to MI.

Acute and chronic lung inflammation is an underrecognised risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Yet there are compelling epidemiological data to indicate that airway expossure to cigarette smoke, air pollution particles,and viral and bacterial pathogens are strongly related to acute ischemic events.

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