Question

1. Define and give an example of the following terms: niche, mutation, mimicry, allopatric speciation, and sympatric speciation.
   
2. Identify the type of reproductive isolation in the following:
   1. When tigers and lions are bred in captivity they produce sterile offspring.
   2. A fish breeder fertilizes salmon eggs with trout milt. A few eggs hatch but are deformed.
   3. Some catfish spend most of their time feeding close to the shoreline of a lake. Others feed mostly in the deep water.
   4. One type of nymph reproduces every 18 years but shares a habitat with a smaller type of nymph that reproduces every 12 years.

3. In Ottawa, certain mice live on the east side of the Rideau Canal. The mice on the west side of the Rideau Canal show very different allele frequencies. Suggest possible mechanisms that could account for the difference.
   
4. The Panama Canal was completed in 1914. It is a human-made canal that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. How might the completion of this canal have affected the evolution of terrestrial species? Suggest how it may affect the speciation of marine organisms.
   
5. Research and discuss the difference between natural selection and artificial selection.
   
6. Discuss two species that humans have released into a new environment. What repercussions might happen to the environment and to the process of evolution?

Answer 1