Question

Overview of Acid/Base Imbalance: Buffer Systems and Methods to Regulate pH.

Describe a patient that you would suspect has an acid/base imbalance including possible history, signs, and symptoms (you get to "invent" this patient!)

1. State what you would report to the RN
2. State what Doctor's orders you might anticipate

Answer 1

The buffer system in acid-base abnormalities is a solution against Ph when acids or base excess. blood contains more carbonic acid, weak acid, bicarb as a base. buffer system prevents radical changes in fluids ph change hydrogen ion concentration fi there is more avoid or base.
when there is changes in ph other blood chemicals it causes respiratory acidosis, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, and metabolic alkalosis. our kidney and lungs work together to maintain acid-base balance. when a patient has abnormal in acid-base balance there will be a problem in lungs and kidneys due to many causes and history it includes a patient with a chest injury, chronic lung disease and kidney disease, cancer, dehydration, excess exercise, overuse of sedation, obesity, salicylate poisoning, alcohol overdose, hypoglycemia and hypothermia, liver disease and multiple organ failure. signs and symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, confusion, seizure, shock, muscle cramps and twitching, tremors, nausea, vomiting, confusion, numbness, heart arrhythmias, and coma.
Report RN to monitor vitals and ABGs regularly.observe the patient for any complications and neurological alteration and adverse reaction.
Keep the patient warm and dry.
encourage patient deep breathing and avoid their fear
ensure safety measures and monitor Intake and output chart, administer medication and iv fluids as ordered.
The diagnostic tests can find acid-base imbalance including physical examination, metabolic panel, ABG, PFT, chest Xray, urinalysis, serum electrolytes, urine Ph. Treatment order includes oxygen administration if necessary noninvasive positive pressure breathing, antibiotic administration for infection, administer sodium bicarb, chloride, and potassium to bring the ph normal and prevent chemical loss.