Question

1. what is the ideal gas law? explain and provide an equation.

2. how do the four variables (pressure temperature volume and number of moles ) of a gas relate in the ideal gas law? briefly explain the relationship of gaseous variables as per Boyle's Law Charles law and Avogadro's Law.

Answer 1

Ans. #1. Ideal gas law is the equation of state for correlating the variables Pressure (P), Volume (V), number of moles (n) and absolute temperature (T) of a hypothetical gas

Ideal gas equation: PV = nRT     

            Where, P = pressure in atm

            V = volume in L                   

            n = number of moles

            R = universal gas constant= 0.0821 atm L mol^-1K^-1

            T = absolute temperature (in K) = (⁰C + 273.15) K

#2. Boyle’s Law: For a gas at constant temperature confined in a closed vessel, the product of pressure and volume is a constant.

That is,

PV = Constant                     - T, n kept constant

    Or, P1V1 = P2V2                          - T, n kept constant

Avogadro’s Law – Equal volume of all gases have equal number of moles, at constant pressure and temperature.

                        V/ n = constant                   - P, T kept constant

                 Or, V1/ n1 = V2 / n2                   - P, T kept constant

Charles’ Law: Volume (V) of a gas in a closed vessel is directly proportional to absolute temperature (T).

                        V / T = constant                  - P, n kept constant

                 Or, V1 / T1 = V2 / T2                  - P, n kept constant