Explain the difference between (a) public offerings and private placements, (b) primary markets and secondary markets, (c) the money market and the capital market, and (d) organized security exchanges and over-the-counter markets.

a) You are the owner of a firm that currently generates revenues of £1 million per year. Next year, revenues will either decrease by 8% with 60% probability or increase by 10% with 40% probability and then stay at that level for as long as you run the business. You own the firm outright. Also, you have annual costs of £700,000. If you decide to shut down the firm the cost is zero. In that case, you can always sell the firm for £600,000. What is the business worth today if the cost of capital is 12%? [15 marks]

b) Zweite Pharma is a fast-growing company. The company forecasts that in the next three years its growth rates will be 30%, 28% and 24% respectively. After three years, the company expects a more stable growth of 8% that will last forever. Last week it declared a dividend of £1.67. The required rate of return is 14%.

i) Compute the dividends for the next three years and find their present value.

ii) Calculate the price of the shares at the end of year 3 when the firm settles to a constant growth.

iii) What is the current price of the shares?

assume you sell short 100 shares of common stock at 50 per share, with initial margin at 50%, at what price you will receive a margin call from your broker ( assuming maintenance margin of 30%)

answers- 42.26, 57.69, 62.00, 24.44

What is your rate of return in previous problem if you purchase the stock at $40 per share?

answers- 40%, 60%, 25%, 18%

Atlantic Manufacturing is considering a new investment project that will last for four years. The delivered and installed cost of the machine needed for the project is $22971 and it will be depreciated according to the three-year MACRS schedule. The project also requires an initial increase in net working capital o

I am having a difficult time understanding this can someone show me how to calculate the MACRS. and can show me how to do this on an excel spreadsheet. thank you.Atlantic Manufacturing is considering a new investment project that will last for four years. The delivered and installed cost of the machine needed for the project is $22971 and it will be depreciated according to the three-year MACRS schedule. The project also requires an initial increase in net working capital of $308. Financial projections for sales and costs are in the table below. In addition, since sales are expected to fluctuate, NWC requirements will also fluctuate. The end-of-year NWC requirements are included below (hint: these NWC capital requirements DO NOT represent the change in NWC for the period). The $0 requirement for NWC at the end of year 4 means that all NWC is recovered by the end of the project. The corporate tax rate is 35% and the required return on the project is 12%.

What is the project’s NPV?

Critically analyze the merits and demerits of the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and discuss its value in practice.

a) Describe the main categories of financial ratios and discuss how financial ratios can facilitate the financial analysis. [10 marks]

b) Discuss the effect of FIFO (First In First Out) and LIFO (Last In First Out) methods on the balance sheet and income statement during periods of inflation.

c) Describe what are the common-size financial statements and explain why corporations use them.

d) Under what circumstances can a firm increase its share price by cutting its dividend and increasing its investment?

e) How does the growth rate used in the total payout model differ from the growth rate used in the dividend-discount model?

f) State the efficient market hypothesis. What are the implications of the efficient market hypothesis for corporate managers?

g) Explain what is a firm’s weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Explain why it is often used as a discount rate to evaluate projects.

h) What inputs do we need to estimate a firm’s equity cost of capital using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)?

i) Explain in detail why projects within the same firm may have different costs of capital.

Arnold Inc. is considering a proposal to manufacture high-end protein bars used as food supplements by body builders. The project requires use of an existing warehouse, which the firm acquired three years ago for £1 million and which it currently rents out for £120,000 per year. Rental rates are not expected to change in the near future. In addition to using the warehouse, the project requires an up-front investment into machines and other equipment of £1.4m. This investment can be fully depreciated straight-line over the next 10 years for tax purposes. However, Arnold Inc. expects to terminate the project at the end of eight years and to sell the machines and equipment for £500,000. Finally, the project requires an initial investment into net working capital equal to 10% of predicted first-year sales. Subsequently, net working capital is 10% of the predicted sales over the following year. Sales of protein bars are expected to be £4.8 million in the first year and to stay constant for eight years. Total manufacturing costs and operating expenses (excluding depreciation) are 80% of sales, and profits are taxed at 30%.

i. What are the free cash flows of the project? ii. If the cost of capital is 15%, what is the NPV of the project?

b) You are an analyst working for Goldman Sachs, and you are trying to value the growth potential of a large established company Big Industries. Big Industries has a thriving R&D division that has consistently turned out successful products. You estimate that, on average, the R&D division generates two new product proposals every three years, so that there is a 66% chance that a project will be proposed every year. Typically, the investment opportunities the R&D division produces require an initial investment of £10 million and yield profits of £1 million per year that grow at one of three possible growth rates in perpetuity: 3%, 0%, and −3%. All three growth rates are equally likely for any given project. These opportunities are always “take it or leave it” opportunities: If they are not undertaken immediately, they disappear forever. Assume that the cost of capital will always remain at 12% per year. What is the present value of all future growth opportunities Big Industries will produce?

[15 marks]

If a firm has retained earnings of $23.6 million, a common shares account of $275.6 million, and additional paid-in capital of $100.6 million, how would these accounts change in response to a 20 percent stock dividend? Assume market value of equity is equal to book value of equity. (Enter your answers in dollars not in millions. Leave no cells blank – be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Do not round intermediate calculations and round your final answers to the nearest whole dollar amount. Indicate the direction of the effect by selecting "increase," "decrease," or "no change" from the dropdown menu.)

Let's assume that your baumol-tobin model is $ 54,000 a year. The annual interest rate of the savings deposit account is 2.5% and we assume that you keep your income in your account.

1- Assume you go to the bank 4 times a month, how many times do you go to the bank in total?

2- How much money do you keep on average for a year?

3- Now, every time you go to the bank, let F cost $ 0.42. how much is the total cost of keeping your income?

4- Optimal number of trips to the bank for one year based on your income, considering savings deposits, interest rates and the cost of each trip to the bank. What is N * (ie the number of visits to the bank that will minimize the cost of wanting to keep cash in your hand)?

5-according to N* that you calculated it in (4) Calculate the amount of money you will keep on average.

Assume a barley producer wishes to develop a hedging strategy for the sale of 100,000 tonnes of Eastern Australian Feed Barley. Using current information about future prices from the ASX explain some of the strategies available to the producer and how the use of futures can mitigate against risk.

Current spot price $358

Futures price $292 JAN 20

$296 March 2020

Suppose that you have just bought a bond with a coupon rate of 10 percent paid annually and $1,000 face value. This bond will mature in 15 years. You bought the bond when its yield to maturity was 8 percent. If yield to maturity of this bond becomes 12 percent after two years and you sell the bond right after receiving the second coupon, what will be the IRR from this investment?

A. ‐4.55% B. ‐4.34% C. ‐1.74% D. +0.07% E. +13.51%