NPV PROFILES: TIMING DIFFERENCES

An oil-drilling company must choose between two mutually exclusive extraction projects, and each costs $11.8 million. Under Plan A, all the oil would be extracted in 1 year, producing a cash flow at t = 1 of $14.16 million. Under Plan B, cash flows would be $2.0967 million per year for 20 years. The firm's WACC is 12%.

1. Construct NPV profiles for Plans A and B. Round your answers to two decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations. Enter your answers in millions. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55. If an amount is zero enter "0". Negative value should be indicated by a minus sign.

   Discount Rate	NPV Plan A	NPV Plan B
   0%	$ million	$ million
   5	million	million
   10	million	million
   12	million	million
   15	million	million
   17	million	million
   20	million	million

   Identify each project's IRR. Round your answers to two decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

   Project A %

   Project B %

   Find the crossover rate. Round your answer to two decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.
   %

Bellinger Industries is considering two projects for inclusion in its capital budget, and you have been asked to do the analysis. Both projects' after-tax cash flows are shown on the time line below. Depreciation, salvage values, net operating working capital requirements, and tax effects are all included in these cash flows. Both projects have 4-year lives, and they have risk characteristics similar to the firm's average project. Bellinger's WACC is 7%.

What is Project A's payback? Round your answer to four decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

What is Project A's discounted payback? Round your answer to four decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

What is Project B's payback? Round your answer to four decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

What is Project B's discounted payback? Round your answer to four decimal places. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

A company is analyzing two mutually exclusive projects, S and L, with the following cash flows:

The company's WACC is 8.5%. What is the IRR of the better project? (Hint: The better project may or may not be the one with the higher IRR.) Round your answer to two decimal places.

%

An electric utility is considering a new power plant in northern Arizona. Power from the plant would be sold in the Phoenix area, where it is badly needed. Because the firm has received a permit, the plant would be legal; but it would cause some air pollution. The company could spend an additional $40 million at Year 0 to mitigate the environmental problem, but it would not be required to do so. The plant without mitigation would cost $210.64 million, and the expected cash inflows would be $70 million per year for 5 years. If the firm does invest in mitigation, the annual inflows would be $75.80 million. Unemployment in the area where the plant would be built is high, and the plant would provide about 350 good jobs. The risk adjusted WACC is 19%.

1. Calculate the NPV and IRR with mitigation. Round your answers to two decimal places. Enter your answer for NPV in millions. Do not round your intermediate calculations. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55. Negative value should be indicated by a minus sign.
   NPV $   million
   IRR %

   Calculate the NPV and IRR without mitigation. Round your answers to two decimal places. Enter your answer for NPV in millions. Do not round your intermediate calculations. For example, an answer of $10,550,000 should be entered as 10.55.
   NPV $   million
   IRR %

Project L costs $50,000, its expected cash inflows are $15,000 per year for 11 years, and its WACC is 10%. What is the project's NPV? Round your answer to the nearest cent. Do not round your intermediate calculations.

ZEN Inc. is financed by 3 million shares of common stock and by $5 million face value of 8% convertible debt maturing in 2026. Each bond has a face value of $1,000 and a conversion ratio of 200. What is the value of each convertible bond at maturity if ZEN’s net assets are:

1. $30 million?
2. $4 million?
3. $20 million?
4. $5 million?

Bellinger Industries is considering two projects for inclusion in its capital budget, and you have been asked to do the analysis. Both projects' after-tax cash flows are shown on the time line below. Depreciation, salvage values, net operating working capital requirements, and tax effects are all included in these cash flows. Both projects have 4-year lives, and they have risk characteristics similar to the firm's average project. Bellinger's WACC is 8%.

What is Project A’s IRR? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

What is Project B's IRR? Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to two decimal places.

Part A

You are thinking of purchasing a house. The house costs $350,000. You have $50,000 in cash that you can use as a down payment on the house, but you need to borrow rest of the purchase price. The bank is offering a 20-year mortgage that requires monthly payments and has an annual interest rate of 5% per year. Determine your monthly payments if you sign up for this mortgage. Draw the amortization schedule, monthly, using Excel. Calculate the total amount of interest paid throughout the life of the loan. Create a graph depicting the changes in the portions of interest and principal for each monthly payment throughout the life of the loan. Identify the period of the break-even point, where the principal and interest payment amounts are equal.

Part B

Suppose you can only afford a monthly mortgage payment of $3,000 per month, would you purchase this house, if the interest rate increases to 7% per year and the length of repayment decreases to 15 years? Explain. Draw the new amortization schedule in a separate Excel sheet. Calculate the total amount of interest paid throughout the life of the loan. Even though the interest rate is higher, can the total amount of interest paid for the life of the loan be less than the total interest paid in the first amortization schedule? If so, by how much less? Explain.

For the most recent fiscal year, book value of long-term debt at Schlumberger was $14969 million. The market value of this long-term debt is approximately equal to its book value. Schlumberger’s share price currently is $54.64. The company has 1,000 million shares outstanding.

Managers at Schlumberger estimate that the yield to maturity on any new bonds issued by the company will be 8.66%. Schlumberger’s marginal tax rate would be 35%.

Schlumberger’s beta is 0.83. Suppose that the expected return on the market portfolio is 8% and the risk-free rate is 2%.

Assume that the company will not change its capital structure. Also assume that the business risk of the projects under consideration is about the same as the business risk of Schlumberger as a whole.

What would Schlumberger’s after-tax WACC be, given this information?

Do not round at intermediate steps in your calculation. Express your answer in percent. Round to two decimal places. Do not type the % symbol.

MGM CO. has been approached to bid on a contract to sell 500 voice recognition(VR) computer keyboards per year for four years. Due to technological improvements, beyond that time they will be outdated, and no sales will be possible. The equipment necessary for the production will cost $3 million and will be depreciated on a straight-line basis to a zero-salvage value. Production will require an investment in net working capital of $395,000 to be returned at the end of the project, and the equipment can be sold for $305,000 at the end of production. Fixed costs are $570,000 at the end of the production. Fixed costs are 570,000 per year, and variable cost are $75 per unit. In addition to the contract, you feel your company can sell 11,400, 13500, 17900, and 10400 additional units to companies in other countries over the next four years, respectively, at the price of $180. This price is fixed. The tax rate is 21 percent, and the required return is 12 percent. Additionally, the president of the company will undertake the project only

if it has an NPV of $ 120,000. What bid price should you set for the contract?

Solve with Pro Forma Income Statement

Singal Inc. is preparing its cash budget. It expects to have sales of $30,000 in January, $35,000 in February, and $20,000 in March. If 20% of sales are for cash, 40% are credit sales paid in the month after the sale, and another 40% are credit sales paid 2 months after the sale, what are the expected cash receipts for March?

Consider fixed-for-fixed currency swap. Firm A is a U.S.-based multinational. Firm B is a U.K.-based multinational. Firm A wants to finance a £2 million expansion in Great Britain. Firm B wants to finance a $4 million expansion in the U.S. The spot exchange rate is £1.00 = $2.00. Firm A can borrow dollars at 10 percent and pounds sterling at 12 percent. Firm B can borrow dollars at 9 percent and pounds sterling at 11 percent. Which of the following swaps is mutually beneficial to each party and meets their financing needs? Neither party should face exchange rate risk.

1. There is no mutually beneficial swap that has neither party facing exchange rate risk.

2. Firm A should borrow $4 million in dollars, pay 11 percent in pounds to Firm B, who in turn borrows 2 million pounds and pays 8 percent in dollars to A.

3. Firm A should borrow $2 million in dollars, pay 11 percent in pounds to Firm B, who in turn borrows 4 million pounds and pays 8 percent in dollars to A.

4. Firm A should borrow $4 million in dollars, pay 11 percent in pounds to Firm B, who in turn borrows 2 million pounds and pays 10 percent in dollars to A.

Consider a project to supply Detroit with 25,000 tons of machine screws annually for automobile production. You will need an initial $4,500,000 investment in threading equipment to get the project started; the project will last for 5 years. The accounting department estimates that annual fixed costs will be $1,075,000 and that variable costs should be $200 per ton; accounting will depreciate the initial fixed asset investment straight-line to zero over the 5-year project life. It also estimates a salvage value of $450,000 after dismantling costs. The marketing department estimates that the automakers will let the contract at a selling price of $302 per ton. The engineering department estimates you will need an initial net working capital investment of $430,000. You require a return of 11 percent and face a tax rate of 22 percent on this project. Calculate the accounting, cash, and financial break-even quantities.

Consider a project to supply Detroit with 27,000 tons of machine screws annually for automobile production. You will need an initial $6,000,000 investment in threading equipment to get the project started; the project will last for 6 years. The accounting department estimates that annual fixed costs will be $1,450,000 and that variable costs should be $275 per ton; accounting will depreciate the initial fixed asset investment straight-line to zero over the 6-year project life. It also estimates a salvage value of $825,000 after dismantling costs. The marketing department estimates that the automakers will let the contract at a selling price of $392 per ton. The engineering department estimates you will need an initial net working capital investment of $580,000. You require a return of 11 percent and face a tax rate of 22 percent on this project. a-1. What is the estimated OCF for this project? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to the nearest whole number, e.g., 32.) a-2. What is the estimated NPV for this project? (Do not round intermediate calculations and round your answer to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16.) b. Suppose you believe that the accounting department’s initial cost and salvage value projections are accurate only to within ±15 percent; the marketing department’s price estimate is accurate only to within ±10 percent; and the engineering department’s net working capital estimate is accurate only to within ±5 percent. What are your worst-case and best-case NPVs for this project?