Question

execute coding examples that demonstrate the 4 scope rules

file,function,class,block

coding language c++

Answer 1

1. File scope example:

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

{

      int x = 10, y = 20;

      {

        // there is declaration of x and y in outer block

        // this statement is work and print x=10 and y=20

        cout<<"x = "<<x;

        cout<<", y = "<<y<<endl;

          {

              // here, y is declared again and it can't

              // access outer block y

              int y = 40;

    

// increment the outer block variable, x to 11

              x++;  

// increment this block's variable y that is 41 now

              y++;

          // display x and y

        cout<<"x = "<<x;

        cout<<", y = "<<y<<endl;

          }

          // here, it will access only

          // outer x and y

        cout<<"x = "<<x;

        cout<<", y = "<<y<<endl;

      }

}

return 0;

}

OUTPUT:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Block scope:

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

{

      int x = 10;

}

{

      // this will give error, becuase it cant access x

      cout<<"x = "<<x;

}

return 0;

}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Function Prototype scope:

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

    // local variables

    int x = 3, y = 5, z = 7;

    cout<<"x = "<<x;

    cout<<", y = "<<y;

  cout<<", z = "<<z<<endl;

    {

        // change the value of variable x and y

        int x = 10;

        float y = 20;

         

    cout<<"x = "<<x;

    cout<<", y = "<<y;

    cout<<", z = "<<z<<endl;

        {

            // change the variable z

            int z = 100;

    cout<<"x = "<<x;

    cout<<", y = "<<y;

    cout<<", z = "<<z<<endl;

        }

    }

    return 0;

}

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Function scope:

YOu can use block space example in this function scope.

There willl be no change.

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