The ribosomal subunits are not covalently bound and are freely dissociated in the cytoplasm. Explain how...

The ribosomal subunits are not covalently bound and are freely dissociated in the cytoplasm. Explain how the two subunits come together to successfully initiate translation

Expert Solution

● Ribosomes are macromolecular complexes, responsible for translation and composed of rRNA and proteins .

● These are basically composed of large and small subunits and the subunits are made in the nucleolus and then transported to cytoplasm .

● These subunits are not covalently bound and are freely dissociated in the cytoplasm and they associate at the time of translation with the help of several initiation factor .

● In prokaryote there are three initiation factors present - IF1 , IF2 , IF3 .

● In eukaryotes more than 3 initiation factor at present .

● Initiation factor are specific protein both subunit of ribosomes are seprated with the help of IF3 factor .

● In prokaryotes with the help of SD Sequence (Shine Dalgarno Sequence) mRNA recognises the smalker subunit of ribosome. In smaller subunit of ribosome, a complementary sequence of SD sequence is present on 16S rRNA which is called as Anti Shine Dalgarno Sequence (ASD seq). With the help od SD and ASD sequence mRNA recognises the smaller subunit of ribosome and form 30-S mRNA Complex but in eukaryotes smaller subunit is recognized by "7mG Cap". Now this complex reacts with Formyl methionyl t-RNA complex and form 30-S mRNA formyl methionyl t-RNA Complex. Now the larger subunit of ribosome joins to this complex and form 70S ribosome complex (in prokaryotes) and initiation factors released.

● The detail diagrams related to translation initiation process in prokaryotes and eukaryotes are shown below:

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Ribosomal subunits are believed to be manufactured in

Ribosomal subunits are believed to be manufactured in rough endoplasmic reticulum smooth endoplasmic reticulum nucleus nucleolus endosome

Erythromycin is best against bacteria because it targets bacterial ribosomal subunits and not eukaryotic ribosomal subunits....

Erythromycin is best against bacteria because it targets bacterial ribosomal subunits and not eukaryotic ribosomal subunits. What does this mean??

Explain why the prokaryotic ribosomal subunits are defined as 30S and 50S, but the assembled ribosome...

Explain why the prokaryotic ribosomal subunits are defined as 30S and 50S, but the assembled ribosome is defined as 70S.

What is translation, where does it occur? How many ribosomal subunits are there, and where are...

What is translation, where does it occur? How many ribosomal subunits are there, and where are they constructed? What are the P and A sites? What occurs during initiation, elongation, and termination and what are the three steps of elongation. What is the function of the stop codon?

Briefly describe how the rRNA molecules are made and processed and assembled into ribosomal subunits

How can differential centrifugation be used to distinguishbetween ribosomal subunits of eukaryotes and prokaryotes?Specifically...

How can differential centrifugation be used to distinguish between ribosomal subunits of eukaryotes and prokaryotes?Specifically 60s/40s and 50S/30S.

Two ribosomal subunits have sedimentation coefficients of 60S and 40S.

Two ribosomal subunits have sedimentation coefficients of 60S and 40S. Assuming that both subunits have spherical shapes and their densities are equal, calculate the ratio of their molecular weights ( not with the actual molecular weight values).

Diagram the pathway for assembly in the nucleolus, maturation, and nuclear export of ribosomal subunits in...

Diagram the pathway for assembly in the nucleolus, maturation, and nuclear export of ribosomal subunits in yeast.

A large ribosomal subunit is on the order of 3200 kDa. The diffusion limit of a nuclear pore is about 40kDa. How do ribosomal subunits ever reach the cytosol?

A large ribosomal subunit is on the order of 3200 kDa. The diffusion limit of a nuclear pore is about 40kDa. How do ribosomal subunits ever reach the cytosol? A.) Ribosomal subunits are endocytosed into the ER. B.) Karyopherin proteins help get them through the pore. C.) They eventually diffuse through the nuclear envelope bilayer. D.) Ribosomes can't get out, because karyopherins to not bind rRNA.

111 nmol of an antibody that binds strongly to the antigen protein G is covalently bound...

111 nmol of an antibody that binds strongly to the antigen protein G is covalently bound to the support of an affinity column with a void volume of 1.54 mL. The association equilibrium constant (KA) for the binding of protein G to the antibody is 6.67 × 108 M–1 at pH 7.1. Calculate the retention factor for protein G on this column at pH 7.1. k = ___ At pH 7.1 and a flow rate of 2.00 mL/min, how many...

Question